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BOSTON. 



IN the year 1630, Gov. John Winthrop and his party, called the Massa- 
chusetts Company, arrived in several small vessels and settled in Salem and 
Charlestown ; but not liking the location, part of his company came to the 
peninsula called by the Indians, Shawmut, " The Place Where Boats Go," and 
by the English, "Trimountain," from the three prominent hills on the penin- 
sula. On the 7th of September (old style) at the court held at Charlestown 
Trimountain was ordered to be called Boston, in honor of Rev. John Cotton 
who came from the old town of Boston in Lincolnshire, England. The original 
limits of Boston, which were really surrounded by water (the harbor on one side 
and the Charles River on the other) comprised about seven hundred acres of 
land. The tide ran up to where I])ock Square now is and Charles River made a 
good sized bay (afterwards known as " Back Bay") also another bay at a few 
rods northwest of Hanover Street, leaving a narrow neck of land connecting 
the North End with the rest of the peninsula. The dwellings of the settlers 
were situated on Washington Street between Stale and Eliot Streets ; Elm 
Street; upper part of Hanover Street, and north side of Sudbury Street. The 
settlers were in constant fear of the Indians who lived in the wilderness aroimd 
the town. On the first day of September, 1634, a Town Government was 
organized for Boston, and from about this time to the year 1700 many harsh 
and cruel acts were done by the town authorities and a majority of the inhabi- 
tants. Persons were whipped, put in the stocks and banished for trivial offences; 
many were hung for witchcraft and for being Quakers ; and in 1659 two men 
were hung on Boston Common for being heretics. In 168(), Sir Edmund 
Andros was appointed by the King, Governor of the colony, and took away the 
charter; but in 1692 Gov. Phipps was appointed by the King, and arrived in 
Boston with a new charter. In 1703 the first newspaper was published in 
America by John Campbell, the postmaster of the town. In 1711 The Old 
Town House, which was one of the first buildingi erected, the first meeting 
house, and about one hundred other buildings we:e destroyed by fire. In 172iS 
Boston had a population of 10,670 and in 1742 had increased to 16.382. 



b GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

In 1770 began the troubles which ended with the American Revolution. 
On March 5 the British troops fired on the citizens in King (now State) Street, 
in which three were killed, two mortally wounded and others severely wounded. 
The whole British force were afterwards compelled to leave the town. Dec. 16, 
1773, a party (afterwards known as the Boston Tea Party) disguised as Indians 
went from the Old South Church to three vessels lying at Griffins (now Liver- 
pool) wharf and emptied three hundred and forty-two chests of tea into the sea. 
June 1, 1774, by order of tl p British Government, the port of Boston was 
closed, and Salem near Boston, was made the port of customs, and a large force 
of British soldiers were again quartered in various parts of Boston. June 17, 
1775, was fought the Battle of Bunker Hill, and Boston was filled with the 
wounded British soldiers. Gen. Howe was now in command of the British 
forces in Boston, and the Old South Church was used as a riding school for his 
cavalry. March 4, 1776, Gen. Washington in command of the Continental 
Army, beseiged Gen. Howe's army in Boston, and erected forts on the different 
heights commanding the town, and on March 17 Gen. Howe was compelled to 
evacuate the town and take refuge on his ships in the harbor, and with war 
vessels and transports sailed to Halifax, N. S., and Gen. Putnam, in the name of 
the Thirteen United States of America, took possession of Boston. On the 4th 
of July, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was passed by Congress and the 
news was received in Boston with great rejoicing; all signs of British rule were 
immediately removed and destroyed. Oct. 25, 1780, John Hancock of Boston, 
was chosen Governor. 

In 1789 Gen. Washington entered Boston over the "Neck" and passed 
through Washington Street, which had been named for him, to his quarters. In 
1800 the population had increased to 24,937. In 1814 several thousand United 
States troops were quartered in Boston at the forts in the harbor, for defence 
against the British forces. In February, 1822, the Legislature passed an act estab- 
lishing the City of Boston, subject to the acceptance or refusal by a vote of the 
citizens. On March 4, 1822, the vote was taken in Faneuil Hall and the act 
was accepted by a vote of 2,797 yeas, 1,881 being nays, and Boston became a 
city May 1, with Hon. John Phillips as Mayor, and the City Council consisted 
of eight aldermen and forty-eight councilmen. In 1825 Boston contained 58,281 
inhabitants. On Sunday, June 11, 1837, occurred the great Broad Street riot, 
between fire companies and Irishmen, in which at least fifteen thousand persons 
participated, and a large force of militia was called out to suppress the riot. 
May 16, 1846, war was declared between the United States and Mexico. July 22, 
1848, the Massachusetts regiment, Col. Isaac H. Wright, returned from the Mex- 
ican war and met with a grand reception. October 25, 1848, was celebrated the 
introduction of Cochituate water into Boston. In 1856 Boston had a population 
of 138,788. In 1861 commenced the great rebellion, and at the capture of P'ort 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. / 

Sumpter by the rebel forces, President Lincohi issued his proclamation am 
cafled for volunteers from all the states to suppress the rebellion, when Boston 
took a very active part, sending to the war her full quota of men for the army 
and navy. On the 14th of July, 1863, at about 1 o'clock, commenced the great 
draft riot in Boston. A large mob took possession of the " North End " and de- 
fied the city and United States authorities. The City Government immediately 
prepared for the conflict ; the whole police force were armed, the regulars, ma- 
rines, and the whole state militia were called out and marched at once to the 
North End, The mob attacked the Cooper Street Armory, where the Eight 
Artillery and a battalion of regulars were quartered. On the discharge of the 
cannon and the muskets of the regulars, fully fifty persons were killed or 
wounded in the mob. The city sent 26,175 men to the war for the Union. 
November 9-10, 1872, a fire destroyed $75,000,000 worth of property. 

In 1687 the first addition of outlying territory that was made to Boston was 
Noddle's Island, " layd to Boston," and its name changed to East Boston. It 
remained unimproved and almost uninhabited until 1833, when it was pur- 
chased by a company of capitalists and improvements commenced. South Bos- 
ton, under the name of Dorchester Village, annexed to Boston, March 6, 1804; 
Washington Village, formerly part of Dorchester, annexed May 21, 1855; Rox- 
bury annexed January 6, 1868; Dorchester, January 3, 1870; Charlestown, West 
Roxbury and Brighton, January 5, 1874; Back Bay annexed April 25, 1859; 
Suffolk County incorporated May 10, 1643. 

The present area of Boston, with all its districts, is 23,661 acres. To the 
original 783 acres of the peninsula have been added East Boston, 836 acres ; 
South Boston, 1,002 acres; Roxbury, 2,700 acres; Dorchester, 5,614 acres; 
West Roxbury, 7,848 acres; Charlestown, 586 acres; Brighton, 2,277 acres; 
Breed's Island, 785 acres ; Deer Island, 184 acres. 

The city contained a population of 362,839 in 1880, 448,477 in 1890, and in 
1899 has more than 500,000. 




Geo. U. Walker & Co., Boston. QLD STATE HOUSE. 



OLD BOSTON. 



Places of Historic Interest. 

The Old State Mouse, at the head of State Street, is one of the most in- 
teresting relics of the provincial period of the city. There was situated the 
colonial market house, and from 1657 to 1711 a Town House, built of wood, and 
the Trovincial Capitol, erected from funds bequeathed by Capt. Robert Keayne, 
the first commander of the " Artillery Company." The Town House was 
burned in 1711, and in 1713 the present building was erected. In 1747 a consid- 
erable part of the interior of the building was burnt. Here Endicott, Leverett, 
Ihadstreet, Sir Edmund Andros, Sir William Phips, Lord Bellomont, Dudley, 
r.urnet, Shirley, Pownal, Bernard and others presided over the proceedings for 
the government of the colony and province, by royal consent. Here John 
Adams, James Otis, Quincy, Warren, Cushing, Hancock and numerous patriots 
made the first opposition to the royal authority. In 1768 a British regiment 
was quartered in the building, and in 1770 "The Boston Massacre" took place 
in front of the building. The British soldiers who fired upon the people were 
tried in the building. Here also Generals Gage, Howe and Clinton held their 
councils of war. From the balcony Washington reviewed the entry of the 
American army after the termination of the seige of Boston. On July 18, 1776, 
the Declaration of Independence was read from the east window, and the proc- 
lamation of peace in 1783. Here the State constitution was planned, and Han- 
cock, the first Governor elected by the people, was inaugurated. The Count D' 
Estaing and the officers of the French allied fleet were received. In 1789 Wash- 
ington reviewed a great procession from the west end of the building. The State 
Legislature met here until 1798, when the whole State government marched to 
the new State Capitol on Beacon Hill. In 1835 William Lloyd Garrison escaped 
from the mob by entering the building on one side and through to a carriage 
on the other side of the street. The first public library in America was located 
on this site, and the first Episcopal services in Boston were held here in 1686. 
From 1820 to 1830, the Grand Lodge of Masons of Massachusetts occupied the 
building and here Lafayette was entertained by the fraternity. From 1830 to 
1839 the city government of Boston occupied this building as a city hall. After 
that time the building was leased for offices for general business until 1881, when 
the ancient building was thoroughly repaired and placed as near as possible in 
the original order as when occupied in provincial times, and given in charge of 
the Bostonian Society, who have filled the building with rare paintings, prints 
and relics of old Boston in the colonial and provincial periods. 





GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 11 

State Street previous to the revolution, was King Street. In 1702 was 
proclaimed, in this street, the accession of Anne to be Queen of England. Oppo- 
site 28 State Street is the spot, marked by a circle in the pavement, where the 
citizens were killed and wounded by Captain Preston's soldiers, March .5, 1770. 
Down this street to the wharf, escorted by the U. S. Marshal and his thousand 
deputies, U. S. marines, regulars, and the entire state militia, one black man, in 
chains, was sent back to slavery. But in 1861-6.5 the Massachusetts Volun- 
teers marched up State Street on the way to the South, to help free the blackman. 

28 State Street is the site of the Provincial Custom House, Royal Ex- 
change Tavern and U. S. Bank. 

27 State Street is the site of the first church in Boston, built in 1632 of 
logs, with thatched roof. 

At the Southeast Corner of State and Washington Streets, Henry 
Knox, afterwards (leneral and Secretary of War, was a bookseller's apprentice. 

The Town Pump stood at the northeast corner of Washington and State 
Streets. On the northwest corner was the first store for the sale of merchandise 
in Boston, kept by John Coggan. 

Captain Robert Keayne, the first commander of the Artillery Company 
known as the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, lived on the south- 
east corner of State and Washington Streets. 

Custom House on State and India Streets is a massive granite building 
erected in 1837-47 at a cost of $1,000,000. The roof and dome are of granite. 

The British Coffee House, site of 66 State Street, headquarters of the 
Tories and army and navy ofiicers. In this house, James Otis, the patriot, was 
brutally attacked by one of the crown officers and so severely injured about the 
head that he never recovered from the effects of the blows, and after a long 
troublesome sickness was at Andover, Mass., when standing in the doorway of 
the house he was struck by lightning and instantly killed. His remains were 
brought to Boston and buried in the Granary Burying Ground. 

The Bunch of Grapes Tavern, Kilby Street, corner of State Street, 1713, 
was a famous headquarters for the patriots ; here assembled the " Sons of 
Liberty," Washington and staff were entertained here in 1776, Lafayette was 
also here, and the Society of the Cincinnati used to have their entertainments in 
the old tavern. 

Northeast Corner of Liberty Square and Kilby Street was ihe scene 
of the Stamp Act riots ; Oliver's effects thrown into the street. 

The Roebuck Tavern stood on the site of 45 Merchants Row; built in 
1650 by Richard Whittington. 

The Golden Bull Tavern stood on the site of 21 Merchants Row. 

The Crown Coffee House in 1710 stood on Chatham Row. 

Quaker Burying Ground was on Congress, opposite Lindall Street, estab- 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. , 13 

lished in 1709. The remains were taken up and removed to the Quaker burying 
ground at Lynn in 1826. 

Post Office, Devonshire Street, between Water and Milk Streets. The 
corner stone of tliis beautiful granite building was laid Oct. 10, 1871. Besides 
the post ofifice department, the United States sub treasury and the United 
States Court occupy the building. 

Faneuil Halt, Faneuil Hall Square, built in 1742 by Peter P'aneuil, the 
wealthy Huguenot, and presented to Boston for a market and town hall. The 
architect was Smibert, the portrait painter. It was damaged by tire in 1761, 
but was rebuilt — partly by lottery funds. James Otis, the patriot, delivered the 
oration at the re-dedication. The vane on the cupola is a gilded grasshopper 
with glass eyes. Made in 1742. The building was enlarged in 1806 by the 
architect Bultinch. The main hall has many portraits of prominent men. 
There in "The Cradle of Liberty" was denounced the British administration of 
the colonies. In 1768 the 14th Royal Regiment was quartered in the building, 
and in 1775-76 the British otlficers established a theatre. Receptions and ban- 
quets were given here to Washington, Count D'Estaing, Lafayette, Jerome 
Bonaparte, Prince de Joinville, King Louis Phillipe, Talleyrand, Lord Ashburton, 
Lord Elgin, Kossuth, Andrew Jackson, George B. McClellan; the lying in state 
of Anson Burlingame and Col. Fletcher Webster. A long line of illustrious orators 
have addressed the people from the rostrum — Otis, Channing, Webster, Jeffer- 
son Davis, Sumner, Garrison, Everett, Phillips, Evarts, Hillard, Beecher, N. P. 
Banks, Long, Reed and a host of other eminent men. The old building has 
vmdergone a thorough overhauling, and all of the interior woodwork has been 
removed from the floors, galleries, stairways, columns, and these including the 
roof and belfrey will be replaced by fire-proof material. But little now remains 
of the original interior construction of the building, and of the e.xterior only the 
bare brick walls. 

The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, chartered as the 
" Artillery Company " in 1638, the oldest military corps in the United States, 
has had its armory for many years in the upper hall of Faneuil Hall. Among 
its commanders have been Sir Charles Hobly, Sir John Leverett, Winthrop, 
Winslow, Heath, Dearborn, Banks, Martin and Cowdin. 

Quincy Market, built 1825-26, is a two story, granits building, 535 feet long 
and covers 27,000 square feet of land. In the centre of the building is a large dome, 
and at each end are large porticos with massive granite pillars. The first floor 
and basement are devoted to the sale of meat, vegetables, fish, butter and cheese. 

Gov. John Leverett's house was where Sears Building now stands. 

In 1640 a large meeting house was erected on the site now occupied by the 
Rogers Building, 209 Washington Street. 
' Sir Edmund Andros lived on the site numbered 216 Washington Street. 




Geo. H. Walker & Co., ±soston. 

Oi,D South Me;eting-Housi4 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 15 

The Old Province House walls are now standing in the rear of the build- 
ings opposite the Transcript office. 

Old South Meeting House, corner of Washington and Milk Streets. On 
the site of this church, which was part of the garden of Gov. Winthrop, the 
Third Congregational Society built a small building of cedar for a church. In 
1730 the present brick building was erected. Whitefield the celebrated divine 
often preached in this church. Otis, Warren, Hancock and other patriots ad- 
dressed the citizens from its pulpit in 1768, 1770, 1773, and here Warren, in 
March, 1775, delivered the oration on the Boston Massacre. In 1775 the pews 
were removed and the church was used for a riding school for the British dra- 
goons. In 1872 to 1875 the building was used as the post office. A committee 
of twenty-five women raised and paid $430,000, for the building and site to preserve 
it to posterity. The building has now a new roof; the old one found to be weak 
in many places was removed. The church is now used as a museum by the as- 
sociation, and a rare collection of relics relating to the history of early New 
England is displayed, and admission to the church and collection is secured for 
twenty-five cents. 

John Winthrop's House was near the site of present 286 Washington 
Street. Mis house was torn down for fuel by the British garrison in 1775. 

The Spring in Spring Tane from Washington Street was the earliest spring 
mentioned by the first settlers, and was used by the townspeople for many gen- 
erations. 

Franklin's Birthplace was on the site of 19 Milk Street. The small, 
frame house was standing in the early part of this century. 

Gen. Howe's headquarters was on the corner of Milk and Oliver Streets. 

John Howard Payne lived on the corner of Chauncy and Federal Streets. 

Ralph Waldo Emerson was born on southeast corner of .Summer and 
Chauncy .Streets. 

Samuel Adams was born on Purchase Street, near Summer Street. 

Franklin Street, formerly Vincent's Lane, renamed in 1846, was named 
for Franklin, and a narrow park formerly occupied the centre of the street, the 
roadway being on both sides. In the centre of this ground, at its widest part, 
stood a large stone urn on a heavy base and pedestal, on which was inscribed a 
eulogy to Franklin. On both sides of the street were handsome mansions. In 
the centre of the block on the south side of the street was located the Boston 
Library, and at one time the Massachusetts Historical Society had rooms there. 
Under the building was a large arch over the roadway of Arch Street. On the 
eastern end of the same side of the street stood the Holy Cross Cathedral 
Federal Street Theatre was on the north corner of Federal and Franklin Streets, 
built in 1794. This corner is now occupied by the well-known crockery dealers 
and importers, Jones, McDuffee and Stratton. 




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tieo. U. Walker & Co., Boston. 

Chamber of Commerce. 

The Chamber of Commerce, India and Central Streets, was incorporated in 1885 and is the third 
organization of that name that has existed in Boston. The first organization was active io 1795, 
and Thomas Russell was president. The second body was formed in 1836, with William Sturgis as 
president, and the organization went out of existence in 1843. The present Chamber of Commerce 
was founded in 1885 by the consolidation of two corporate trade bodies, the Boston Commercial 
Exchange with three hundred members, and the Boston Produce Exchange with five hundred mem- 
bers. The building is constructed of Milford pink granite and is a massive structure. The corner 
stone was laid Sept. 20, 1890 and the building was completed in January, 1X92, the formal opening 
taking place Jan. 20 and 21, 1892. The third floor is occupied by the Chamber of Commerce with 
^ Board Room, Secretary's Room, Committee Rooms, Reading Room, Parlors, etc. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 17 

Trinity Cliurcti, Summer Street corner of Hawley Street. Corner stone 
laid April 15, 1734. A new building constructed of granite completed, Sep- 
tember, 1828; sold to be removed 1872. The great fire of 1872 destroyed the 
interior of the church. New church on Copley Square dedicated Feb. 9, 1877. 
A large number of tombs were built in the cryjDt under the old church and the 
remains were removed to various cemeteries before the church was removed. 

Federal Street Ciiurcli, meeting in a barn May, 1729; barn converted 
into a church September, 1729. A new house completed and dedicated 1744. 
The Federal Constitution adopted there February, 1788. The second new house 
dedicated Nov. 3, 1809; removed, Jan. 30, 1859. 

Fort Hill. Fortified in 1032 to command the inner harbor. In 1089 Sir 
Edmund Andros and his garrison were captured by the train bands of the town. 
In 1774 the fort mounted 35 cannon and was garrisoned by the Welch Fusiliers. 
After the Revolution the hill was a fashionable residential quarter until 1845, 
when these people were driven out by emigrants from Ireland occupying the 
hill. In 1800-73 the hill was cut down and is now used by large mercantile es- 
tablishments. 

The Barricado, built in 1073, was a pier 2,200 feet long, running from the 
South Battery (Rowe's Wharf) to the North Battery (Battery Wharf), on the 
line of what is now Atlantic Avenue. Was armed with cannon to protect the 
town and shipping from the raids of Dutch or French frigates. 

Snow's Arch Wharf, the berth of the Plymouth Steamers and other lines 
of small steamboats. 

Foster's Wharf, 300 Atlantic Avenue. The steamers for Rockland, Penob- 
scot Bay, Bangor. I'lount Desert, and other ports in Maine have their berths 
here. 

The Station of the Narrow Guage Railway to Revere Beach and 
Lynn. The ferry runs to East Boston and connects with the train. 

Rowe's Wharf, berth for steamers for Mull, Hingham and Nantasket. 

Close to Rowe's Wharf stood the Sconce or South Battery, erected in 
1000, with 35 cannons to defend the inner harbor, in connection with Fort Hill 
redoubt. 

India Wharf, the terminal for the Portland Steamers, also the Metropol- 
itan Line of Steamers to New York. 

Central Wharf, terminal for the Philadelphia Line of Steamers, and also 
for the line running between Boston and Gloucester. 

Long Wharf, headquarters of the Boston Fruit Company, importers of 
enormous quantities of fruit. Their line of twelve steamers makes regular trips 
between this port and the West Indies. Long Wharf was built in 1709-10, 2,000 
feet long, with a battery of guns mounted on the end. The Long Wharf Salt 
House was built 1720. 




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GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 19 

T Whart was named for its shape and was a part of the Barricado. 

Commercial Wharf, terminal of the International Steamship Company 
steamers for Portland, Eastport and St. Johns, also the berth of the steamers 
from Boston to Provincetown. 

Lewis Wharf, 32 Atlantic Avenue, once the property of John Hancock. 
The terminal of the steamers for Yarmouth and Halifax, Nova Scotia, and for 
ports of Pictou and Prince Edward Island, also the Savannah Steamers. 

South Ferry to East Boston is the next on the water front. 

Union Wharf has the U. S. Bonded Warehouses. 

Lincoln's Wharf is the berth of the line of steamers to Bath and the 
Kennebec River. 

Battery Wharf, the North Ferry to East Boston, also the berth of the 
large steamers to Norfolk and Baltimore. 

The North Battery was built in 1646, to command the Charles River, and 
was a battery as late as 1775, when Lord Howe had 13 cannon mounted. Four 
British regiments embarked here for Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. 

Constitution Wharf, the site of the yard in which v/as built the frigate 
" Constitution," 44 guns, in 1794-97. Captured many war vessels and merchant- 
men. The frigate Argus, 16 guns, and the Boston, 28 guns, built here. 

Chelsea Ferry, foot of Hanover Street. 

AspinwaWs Wharf above the ferry. 

Gray's Wharf belonged to the wealthy merchant, William Gray. 

Boston Herald, a morning, evening and Sunday paper, founded 1846; in- 
dependent in politics. Present building occupied 1878. 

The Daily Advertiser, oldest morning paper in Boston. Founded March 
3, 1813. Republican. " 

Evening Record, a one cent paper, published in same office with The 
Daily Advertiser. Founded 1884. Republican. 

Boston Journal, morning, evening and Sunday paper. A Republican 
paper founded 1833 under the name of the Evening Mercantile Journal ; name 
changed 1837. 

Daily Globe, morning evening and Sunday. Democratic. 

Boston Post, morning and Sunday. Founded 1831. Democratic. 

Boston Transcript, the oldest evening paper in Boston. 

Boston Traveller, the first two cent evening newspaper in Boston and ths 
first to display news bulletins. 

Old Corner Book Store, corner of Washington and School Streets. Ann 
Hutchinson lived here in 1634. In 1828 a book store opened by T. N. Carter. 
Damrell & Upham, who now occupy the store, keep a line of first-class books. 

The present building from all that can be learned, may have been erected 
about the year 1712, by Mr. Thomas Crease, an apothecary, and in all proba- 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 21 

bility was used as a dwelling house, with a small shop on the Cornhill 
(Washington Street) side, from a very early period after it was built. 

Great interest has been expressed in regard to the preservation of this old 
specimen of the first reconstruction of the buildings of the ancient Cornhill, 
after the destruction of the old tenements and shops in 1711, and it is to be 
hoped that the old Brimmer Mansion will be allowed to remain for many years 
to come, standing in its present form with its quaint appearance and well-known 
designation, "The Old Corner Bookstore." 

27 School Street. Dr. John Warren, brother of Gen. Warren, lived 
here. He was a surgeon in the Revolutionary army and had charge of the 
hospitals around Boston. 

Latin School, 1(334, on School Street in rear of King's Chapel. In 1749 
removed to opposite side of School Street. 

Cromwell's Head Tavern stood on site of 19 School Street, where Lieut. 
Col. George Washington was entertained during his visit in 1756. 

The French Huguenot Church stood on site 28 School Street and v;r.-, oc- 
cupied by them from 1704 to 1748, and from 1788 to 1802 occupied by the con- 
gregation of the Church of the Holy Cross, the lirst Roman Catholic Society in 
New England, with 120 attendants. In 1774, John Murray, the apostle of Uni- 
versalism, was stoned by a mob while preaching from the Huguenot pulpit. 

City Hall, School Street, built 1862-0.5, on the site of old one, at a cost of 
$500,000. It is constructed of Concord granite and was considered, when fin- 
ished, to have ample accommodations for the city department for many years, 
but a large number of the departments are located in adjoining buildings. In 
front of the building is a fine statue of Franklin, erected in 1856, also the statue 
of Josiah Quincy, erected in 1879. He was a member of Congress, 1805-13 ; 
Mayor of Boston, 1823-28; President of Harvard College, 1829-4.5. 

King's Chapel Burying Ground, Tremont Street, was the first place for 
interments in Boston. It was first mentioned by Gov. Winthrop, Feb. 18, 1630. 
"Captain Welden, a hopeful young gent and an experienced soldier, died in 
Charlestown of consumption and was buried at Boston with a military funeral." 
The remains of the following persons were deposited in this ground : Gov. John 
Winthrop, 1649, and his two sons, John Winthrop, 1676, and Fitz John Win- 
throp, 1707, both governors of Connecticut; Gov. John Endicott, 1665; Gov. 
John Leverett, 1679; Gov. William Shirley, 1771; Gov. John Winslow, 1674; 
Mary Chilton, 1679, a passenger in the Mayflower and the wife of Gov. Winslow; 
Lady Andros, 1688; Jacob Sheafe, 1658; Major Thomas Savage, 1682; Capt. 
Roger Clap, 1690; Rev. John Cotton, 1652; Rev. John Davenport, 1670; Rev. 
John Oxenbridge, 1674; Rev. Thomas Bridge, 1715; Thomas Bridge, 1713; 
Prof. John Winthrop, 1776; Wait Still Winthrop, 1717; Adam Winthrop, 1743; 
Brig. Gen. John Winslow, Revolutionary army; Col. William Dawes, who rode 




Geo. II. Walker & Co., Boston. AMERICAN HOUSE. 



GOING TO BOSTON? 
...TRY THE... 

Amenc&.n House, 

Hanover Street, near Scollay Square 
Station of Subway, 

BOSTOIV, JVIASS. 

Nearest of the large Hotels to the Union Station, 
Steamers, Business and Amusement Centres. 

From South Station : Take any Federal Street car stopping at 
Kim Street. 

From North Station : Take any subway car stopping at Scollay 

Square. 
The house is located in the centre of all historic places of old Boston. 
Combines all the modern conveniences and comfort at moderate rates. 

ROOMS: 

Largest in the city for the price, $1.00 per day and 
upwards, one person; $1,50 per day and upwards, two 
persons. 

Special breakfast, 40 cents. Table d'hote dinner, 50 
cents. 

Only six minutes' walk from the Union Station. Every 
room with steam heat and lighted by electricity. Running 
water. 

EUROPEAN PLAN. 

J- 

0. A. JONES, Proprietor. A. 0. JONES, Manager. 



22 GITIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

over the Neck to Lexington and Concord to alarm the patriots the night before 
the battle at Lexington; Oliver Wendell, 1818; Judge Thomas Dawes, 1825; 
Lieut. Gov. William Phillips, 1827 ; Lieut. Gov. Thomas Lindall Winthrop, 1841 ; 
James Lloyd, 1831 ; Charles Bulfinch, 1844. Many years ago the ground was sur- 
rounded by a brick wall. 

King's Chapel, corner of School and Tremont Streets, built of wood in 
1088, rebuilt of stone in 1749-54, is a massive building, the walls constructed of 
Quincy granite. The portico was built in 1789 from funds partly raised by an 
oratorio in the chapel, at which General Washington attended "attired in a 
black velvet suit, and gave five guineas." The organ was purchased in England 
in 1756. The chapel has marble busts of its former pastors Freeman, Green- 
wood, Peabody and Foote, and mural monuments of Apthorp, Appleton, Lowell, 
Oliver Wendell Holmes and Joseph May ; a marble tablet in memory of General 
Stevenson, Col. Revere and twelve other members of the parish, who died in the 
army in 1861-05. 

In 1688, Sir Edmund Andros seized a part of the burying ground to erect the 
chapel. In 1710 it was enlarged. Under the chapel are a number of tombs in 
which are interred a large number of remains of former members of the society. 

The Bellingham^Faneuil Estate was opposite the north end of the 
Chapel Burial Ground. Here dwelt Bellingham in 1635-41, 1654 and 1666-72, 
and Peter Faneuil in a stone mansion. 

The Old Court House, Court Square, was built in 1833-36, on the site of 
the prison where Capt. Kidd, the pirate, was confined in 1690, before he was sent 
to London and executed. In 1851 and 1854 the Sims and Burns riots occurred. 
Phillips, Higginson, Parker and other anti-slavery leaders with their sympathi- 
zers, tried to rescue the negroes from the court house. 

Young's Hotel, off Washington Street, in rear of Rogers Building, oppo- 
site State Street ; built in 1845 on site of Taft's Coffee House, (Cornhill). In 
1882 the hotel was greatly enlarged to Court Street. 

Parker House on School Street, corner of Tremont Street, established in 
1855 by Harvey D. Parker, and was the first European plan hotel in America. 

The Boston Museum, on Tremont Street near Court Street, for years was 
known as the most popular resort for families in Boston. The collection of 
statuary, paintings, stuffed birds and animals, with an endless variety of curiosi- 
ties has been removed, and the building is now used as a theatre. 

The Cotton^Vane Mansion formerly stood back of the site of the stores 
south of I'emberton Square on the west side of Tremont Street. It was the 
house of the Rev. John Cotton. Sir Harry Vane dwelt here in 1635-37 and was 
beheaded in London in 1662. In 1684—1729 Chief Justice Samuel Sewall lived 
here, and in 1790 the property was occupied by Patrick Jeffrey, uncle of Lord 
Jeffrey. In the rear of this estate, up the hill, was John Endicott's house. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. * 23 

The New Suffolk County Court House, in Pemberton Square, is a very 
large granite building erected in 1887-04 at a cost of $3,828,000. Besides the 
Supreme, Superior and Municipal Courts, both Civil and Criminal Sessions, the 
Registry of Deeds and the Registry of Probate with Probate Courts for Suffolk 
County are located in the l)uilding. 

Brattle Square Church, built of wood on the corner of Brattle Square and 
Brattle Street, 1699. Rebuilt of brick 1772. Given a bell by John Hancock 
Sept. 17, 1774. Torn down 1871. Two regiments of British soldiers were 
quartered"here, and the backs of the pews were scarred by the bayonets of the 
soldiers. A cannon ball fired by the American battery at Cambridge struck 
the church, and was to be seen in the wall until the church was demolished. 
Buckminster, Everett and Palfrey preached here. 

West corner of Court and Hanover Streets was the site of the Orange Tree 
Inn, built in 1700. 

Gen. Joseph Warren lived on the site of the American House on Han- 
over Street; house built 1764. 

On the east corner of Hanover and Court Streets stood Concert Hall; built 
prior to 1679. 

On the corner of Tremont and Court Streets stood the Royal Custom 
House, 1759; afterwards a dwelling, where Washington lodged, 1789, and Daniel 
Webster had an office. 

Col. John Trumbull lived on Court Street betv.een Brattle Street and 
Cornhill; afterwards occupied by Copley the artist. 

Revere House, Bowdoin Square. Built 1847. For a long time the leading 
hotel in Boston. President Grant, the Prince of Wales, the Emperor Don 
Pedro, King Kalakaua, Grand Duke Alexis and Jenny Lind have been 
guests. 

Quincy House, Brattle Street. A large building erected on the site of the 
old Quaker Meeting House built of brick, 24 by 20 feet in dimensions, in 1697. 
In old stage times before the steam railroads were built, a famous tavern for 
travellers. 

American House, 56 Hanover Street, opened in 1835; rebuilt 1851 on site 
of Gen. Warren's house. 

Quaker Church, built in 1697, Brattle Street. Site where Quincy House 
stands. Rebuilt on Quaker Lane 1709 (Congress Street). 

City Tavern, on Brattle Street, adjoining the Brattle Square Church. A 
famous hotel in old stage times. 

Adams Statue, Adams Square, erected in 1880. Bronze figure, costume of 
the Revolution. In memory of Samuel Adams. 

John Winthrop Statue was erected in 1880 of bronze by R. S. Greenough. 
It is a duplicate of that standing in the Capitol at Washington. 




(jco. II. Walker & Co., Boston ChRIST ChUKCH. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



25 



The old tavern, Hancock House, in Corn Court, from Merchants Row. 
Talleyrand and Louis Phillipe lived here, Washington, Franklin and Lord Leigh 
were entertained here. 

Nos. 31 and 33 Dock Square was the Sun Tavern 1690. Ths "Tea 
Party " Indians were dressed and equipped here. 

Ebenezer Hancock's house, assistant paymaster general of the Conti- 
nental army ; house on Marshall Street. Now Atwood's. 

Green Dragon Tavern, 80-86 Union Street. Patriots' headquarters, 
where Adams, Hancock, Warren and Revere met. 

Boston Stone, Marshall Street, near Hanover Street. A large round stone 
in the wall, marked " Boston Stone, 1737, " originally a paint mill. It has been a 
well-known landmark for one hundred and fifty years. 

New North Church, north corner of Hanover and Clark Streets, 1714; 
new brick house completed in 1804. 

House on Hanover Street, just north of Clark Street; the building was 
erected in 1677 by Increase Mather, who dwelt there till 1723 and his son Cotton 
Mather with him. Afterwards Andrew and John Eliot, father and son, ministers 
of the New North Church, dwelt here for nearly half a century. 

Northwest corner of North and Richmond Streets, Royal Custom 
House 1081. Previous to that date the Red Lion Inn. 

The British Troops' Rendezvous in North Square, the night before the 
battle of Lexington and Concord. 

Nos. 19 and 21 North Square, Paul Revere lived here 1770; house built 
1677. 

Paul Revere's foundry was on the corner of Foster and Commercial 
Streets. 

Second Church, built in Clark Square of wood 1640; burnt Nov. 27, 1G76; 
rebuilt of wood 1677 ; used for fuel by British soldiers. 

No. 23 Unity Street, built 1712, British Barracks, 1774-75. 

Salem Street, corner of Charter, stood Gov. Sir Wm. Phipps's house. 

16 Hull Street, the Galloupe house, built 1724, General Gage's head-quar- 
ters June 17, 1775, while the battle of Bunker Hill was in progress. 

The Eliot School wa.s founded in 1713, by the father of Gov. Hutchinson, 
North Bennet Street. 

Corner of Salem and North Bennet Streets, the Noah Lincoln house, 
1716. 

Sir Charles Franckland's house was on the corner of Garden Court and 
Prince Streets. 

Thomas Hutchinson's house was on Garden Court Street. 

Prince Street, corner of Lafayette Street, house built prior to 1750; 
used as a hospital by the British 1775-76. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON 27 

West corner of Prince and Margaret Streets lived Master Tileston, 
schoolmaster, for 80 years. 

130 Prince Street, Major Pitcairn said to have died here of wounds re- 
ceived at Bunker Hill. 

Christ Cliurch, Salem Street, is the oldest church building in Boston and 
was erected in 17i!3. Built of brick and has a tall spire. In the church is a 
marble bust of George Washington by Houdon. The organ was placed in the 
building in 1752. The clock was made in 174U. The silver communion service 
bears the royal arms, some of the pieces bear the date of 1733. The tower con- 
tains a chime of eight bells, cast in Gloucester, England. From this tower were 
hung the lanterns to warn Paul Revere and the patriots that the British troops 
were to march to Lexington and Concord. Under the church is the crypt, with 
thirty-three tombs ; in one of these the body of Major Pitcairn, who was wounded 
at Bunker Hill and died soon after, was buried previous to its removal to West- 
minster Abbey. 

Baldwin Place Ciiurcfi, built of wood and dedicated in 1746. New brick 
church dedicated Jan. 11, 1811. Lot sold Feb. 12, 1865. 

Copps Hilt Burying Ground, at the North end, was the second ground 
established in Boston and was opened for burials in 1660. The Colonial Wind- 
mill on the highest part of the hill was removed before that date. The British 
built a redoubt on the north side of the hill in 1775, from which Charlestown 
was bombarded on the 17th of June, 1775. The hill was named from William 
Copp, who lived there at first settlement. Here were buried Rev. Increase 
Mather, Rev. Samuel Mather, Rev. Andrew Eliot, Chief Justice Parker, Capt. 
Thomas Lake, 1676, Capt Daniel Malcolm, 1769, one of the " Sons of Liberty," 
Major Samuel Shaw, Capt. Amos Lincoln, Major Nathaniel Heath, Major Ed- 
ward Carnes, Judge Advocate Cieneral Thomas Edwards and many other officers 
and soldiers of the Revolutionary army. Robert Newman, who hung out the 
lanterns at Christ Church as a signal to Paul Revere that the British troops 
would cross the water to march to Lexington is also buried here. 

St. Mary's Church, Endicott Street, built in 1877, is a large church with 
two towers each one hundred and seventy feet high. Built by the Jesuits at a 
cost of $200,000. 

The Union Station, Causeway Street, built in 1894, with large train 
house covering twenty-three tracks, and occupied by the Eastern, Boston & 
Maine, Lowell and Fitchburg Railroads. From this depot depart six hun- 
dred trains daily for all points north, northeast and northwest of Boston. The 
large, handsome, central building, constructed of brick and granite, has the large 
waiting-room, ticket office, etc. 

Howard Athenaeum. Founded 1845, and once the leading theatre of the 
city. It is now a variety theatre. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 29 

Suffolk County Jail, Charles Street, opposite the river. Built 1851 and 
cost $450,000. 

Hotel Rexford, corner Bowdoin and Bulfinch Streets and Bulfinch Place ; 
one of the largest hotels in the city and is fireproof. The walls are of white 
enamelled brick, with large bay windows extending from the second floor to the 
roof, on the entire front elevations. Has three hundred and fifty rooms ; built 
with all modern conveniences in 1887. In close proximity to the wholesale and 
retail shopping districts, Post Office, City Hall, theatres, halls, State House, 
libraries, parks and electric roads, and between the great Northern and Southern 
railroad stations. Part of the building stands on the site of the home, for forty 
years, of the celebrated actor William Warren. 

Massachusetts General Hospital established 1799 on McLean Street. 
The granite building was designed by Bulfinch. It is the oldest but one of the 
hospitals in the country and one of the best organized in the world, with a staff 
of the most eminent physicians and surgeons. Dr. W. T. G. Morton's discovery 
of the use of ether in surgery was first introduced to the world at this hospital, 
the first operation being performed by Dr. John C. Warren, assisted by Dr. 
Morton. 

Beacon Hill. At first settlement of the town three sharp peaks, — Cotton 
Hill, site of Pemberton Square, Sentry Hill, on the East Park of the State House 
and Copley's Hill near Louisburg Square, — these three hills gave the first name 
" Trimountain " to Boston. 

The State House on Beacon Hill occupies the site of John Hancock's cow 
pasture, which the town bought and gave to the state. The corner stone was 
drawn by fifteen white horses representing the number of states of the Union, 
in 1795, to its place, and it was laid by Paul Revere and the masonic fraternity, 
with an oration by Gov. Samuel Adams. The building was designed by Bulfinch 
and cost $133,333 and was completed in 1798. In 1895 an attempt was made to 
have the building torn down and rebuilt on a larger scale ; but the majority 
decided to have the old building thoroughly repaired and made partially 
fireproof, at the same time restoring the original arrangements of the interior as 
far as possible. Hancock, John Adams, J. Q. Adams, Samuel Adams, Wendell 
Phillips, Sumner, Long, Winthrop, Webster, Andrew, Banks, Story, Choate, 
Gerry, Parsons, Gushing, Usher Ames and other illustrious citizens have been 
heard in these halls. Receptions were given here to President's Munroe, Jack- 
son, Polk, Tyler, Fillmore, Grant, Johnson, Buchanan, Hayes, and McKinley, 
Seward, Van Buren, Kit Carson, David Crockett, Kossuth, Lafayette, the Prince 
of Wales, and the Grand Duke Alexis. Sumner and Wilson were laid in state 
in Doric Hall. Of the original Representatives who occupied this building 
ninty-one had been soldiers in the Revolutionary army. The new extension 
built in 1890-95 cost $5,000,000 and is four times the size of the old building. 



30 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

The state library has 100,000 books and many rare maps and pamphlets. The 
Archives on the fourth floor of the new extension, are priceless in value, con- 
sisting of original papers from the first settlement of the colony, with Provincial 
and Revolutionary war papers now arranged in large volumes in most systematic 
manner, with card index. Memorial Hall contains two hundred and seventy- 
four flags of the Massachusetts regiments and batteries in the war for the Union, 
relics from Lexington and Bennington, Chantrey's statue of Washington, statues 
of Gov. Andrew and General Devens, portraits and historic relics. In front of 
the old part of the building, a statue of Daniel Webster was erected in 1860 
and on the other side stands the statue of Horace Mann, paid for by the school 
children and dedicated 1869. 

The Beacon stood from 163i to 1789 on Sentry Hill, which then rose 
eighty feet above the level of the present East Park. A stone ar.d brick monu- 
ment was completed June 18, 1791, with stone tablets on the base. In 1901 a 
large addition was made to the grounds of the State House on the north side 
between Mt. Vernon and Bowdoin streets, by the State taking the sites of a dozen 
large dwelling houses. A tall granite column surmounted with a large bronze 
eagle was built in the centre of the park in 1898, and the original stone tablets 
taken from the old monument were taken from Doric Hall and fastened to the 
base of the new monument. 

Boston University, Somerset near Beacon Street founded 1869. The de- 
partments are : a College of Liberal Arts, Somerset Street ; College of Music, 
College of Agriculture, Amherst, Mass. ; School of Theology, Mt. Vernon 
Street ; School of Law, Ashburton Place ; School of Medicine, East Concord 
Street ; School of all Sciences, Somerset Street. 

New England Historical Genealogical Society, 18 Somerset St. Founded 
1844. Has a library of 25,000 volumes, 100,000 pamphlets, portraits, prints and 
relics ; about 1,000 members. 

Boston Athenaeum, 10| Beacon Street. A large massive building of sand- 
stone, erected in 1847-49 by a private literary society founded in 1805. The 
library contains about 200,000 volumes in history, biography and a high class of 
literature. A large number of works of art, statuary, paintings and busts adorn 
the halls. In the trustees' room are many rare books and Gen. Washington's 
library bought in 1848. 

Woman's Clubhouse, erected on the site of Nos. 13 and 15 Beacon Street 
1899; a ten story, fireproof building, the walls constructed of brick, stone and 
marble. The Womans' Clubhouse Corporation owns the property. On the 
street floor are two stores and a hall with a seating capacity of three hundred. The 
second story contains reception and lecture halls. The third story has suites of 
rooms adapted for the various womans' clubs. The top story has a banquet hall, 
restaurant and kitchen. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 31 

Congregational House on Beacon near Park Street, built 1898, contains 
the Congregational Library of 30,000 volumes. The Congregational Publishing 
Society and salesroom of The Congregationalist and other offices are in the 
building. 

2S Beacon Street was Gov. Bowdoin's mansion and Gen. Burgoyne's head- 
quarters. 

Hancock's house, which stood on the site of 29 and 30 Beacon Street, was 
erected in 1737. Washington, Lafayette, U'Estaing and many other notables were 
entertained here by Gov. Hancock. In 1863 this historic relic was torn down. 

Somerset Club, 42 Beacon Street, large double stone mansion. A famous 
club composed of gentlemen from the leading families of Boston and vicinity. 
The Copley House, formerly on the site of the club house, was the home of 
John Singleton Copley, the great portrait painter. He painted three hundred and 
thirty portraits in Boston, and left the city in 1774 and never retturned. In the 
old house was born in 1772, Copley's son, who became Lord Chancellor of England 
and senior peer of England and died in 1863. 

Prescott, the historian, lived from 1845 to 1854 in the house 55 Beacon 
Street, where he died. 

Wendell Phillips's birthplace was at the corner of Walnut and Beacon 
Streets. His father was the first mayor of Boston. Afterwards Lieut. Gov., 
T. L. Winthrop, father of R. C. Winthrop, dwelt in the house. 

John Lothrop Motley's house was No. 7 Walnut Street. 

Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, corner of Charles 
and Fruit Streets, founded in 1S24 for the poor only, who receive free the ser- 
vices of eminent oculists and aurists. In 1896 the Legislature appropriated 
$100,000 to be expended for a new hospital. The new building is of fireproof 
construction, the exterior walls brick and sandstone, the floors of concrete 
upon expanded metal. The building is four stories in height and fronts on the 
Charles River. 

The First African Church, Mount Vernon and Charles Streets. Founded 
in 1836, and in 1877 bought this building. Has a large membership. Methodist. 

Lynde Street Church, corner of Lynde and Cambridge Streets ; wood 
frame raised Sept. 7, 1736. Used for barracks for British troops, October, 1775. 
New brick church corner stone laid April 4, 1806. Here was the first Sunday 
>chool in a church, Sept. 7, 1812. Now used as a branch library in connection 
with the Public Library. 

Rev. William Blackstone was the first settler of Boston and came in 
1626, locating near Louisburg Square. Through his influence Winthrop's colony 
came to Boston, and he sold them the peninsula for ;^30. In 1634, dissatisfied 
with the settlers, he moved to the Blackstone Valley, near Providence, where he 
died in 167r> 




Geo, H. Walker & Co., Boston. PARK STREBn* CHURCH. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 33 

Park Street Church, corner of Park and Tremont Streets, dedicated May 
1,1809; a prominent landmark. The basement was formerly a crypt and had 
about thirty-five tombs. The remains were removed to other burying grounds and 
the tombs removed some years ago. Later the basement was used as a schoolroom 
and it is now occupied by the W. B. Clark Co., where may be found a complete 
line of books, stationary, etc. 

Park Street was laid out across the Common and first called Sentry Street, 
and the side now occupied by buildings was then the site of the granary, the 
almshouse for the aged and poor, the workhouse for idle persons, and the bride- 
well for the disorderly and insane. These buildings were removed about 1805. 

The house on the corner of Park and Beacon Streets was built in 1804. 
Here Lafayette lived for a week in 1824 as the guest of the city. 

Granary Burying Ground, Tremont Street, was the third ground ii. 
Boston, and was established in 1660. It received its name from the public 
granary that stood on the south side of the ground. Here were buried the re- 
mains of Gov. Richard Bellingham, Gov. William Dummer, Gov. John Hancock, 
Gov. Samuel Adams, Gov. James Bowdoin, Gov. Increase Sumner, Gov. James 
Sullivan, Lieut. Gov. Thomas Gushing, Hon. James Otis, the foremost patriot of 
the Revolution, Peter Faneuil, Chief Justice Samuel Sewall, Robert Treat Paine, 
Paul Revere, Josiah Franklin and wife, parents of Benjamin Franklin ; the vic- 
tims of the Boston Massacre, 1770, the Rev. John Baily, Rev. Samuel Willard, 
Rev. Jeremy Belknap, Rev. John I>othrop, John Phillips, first Mayor of Boston, 
and many other distinguished citizens and patriots. A few of the officers of the 
Revolution buried here were Col. John Armstrong, John Hurd, Jr., Capt. John 
Armstrong, Major Samuel W. Armstrong, Major Robert Williams, Capt. 
Nicholas Gardner, Lieut. Jabez Smith of the marines, and Surgeon David Town- 
send, John Hull, mint master, 1652, Edward Rawson, Secretary of the Colony, 
and Josiah Willard, Secretary of the Province. 

Tremont House stood on site of Tremont Building. Built 1829 on site of 
old Belknap and Perkins mansions; was one of the best granite front buildings 
erected in Boston. Jenny Lind, Dickens, Clay, Jackson and the Prince of Wales 
have been entertained here. 

Horticultural Hall, corner of Bromtield and Tremont Streets, is a granite 
building with two halls, library and ot^ces for the use of the society. The Mass- 
achusetts Horticultural Society was founded in 1829, Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn 
being the first president. The society formerly occupied a small granite build- 
ing (formerly the Boston Latin School building) on School Street. The present 
building was dedicated in 1865. The new building is to be on Huntington Ave. 

Tremont Temple, 76 to 86 Tremont Street, near School Street; the 
Church of the Union Temple Baptist Society. It is the third building erected 
on the site of the old Tremont Theatre building. 




^eo. H. Walkei & Co., Boston. TrEMONT TeMPI^B. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



35 



Bromfield Street M. E. Church, corner stone laid April 15, 180(3. 

Bromfield House, Bromfield Street, formerly Rawson's Lane, was named 
for Edward Bromfield, 1796. This house was a famous tavern from the early 
part of this century to 1800. In 1813 this tavern was known by the name of 
"The Indian Queen." 

Music Hall, Winter Street, built 1852, has seats for 2,(300 people. Con- 
certs and oratorios are given here. The society, presided over by Theodore 
Parker many years ago, formerly held services in the hall. 

Bellevue Hotel, Nos. 19, 21 and 23 Beacon Street, built 1899, of lime- 
stone and gray brick, with ornate balconies. The first floor has hotel offices, 
cafe, banquet hall, public and private dining rooms. Above are ten s' > ls 
devoted entirely to the hotel sleeping rooms. In the basement are kitchen ^ 
laundry, billiard rooms, etc. 

The Common was laid out before 1640 as a training field and for the feed- 
ing of cattle, and after that time no more land was granted from the Common. 
Here stood the granary, almshouse, gunhouse, whipping post and pillory, as 
early as 1659 used as a place for executing criminals, Quakers, Indians, prison- 
ers of war, those convicted of arson, and for robbery, as late as 1797. Tremont 
Street mall planted in 1728, 1734 and 1785 ; Beacon Street mall, in 1826 ; Boyls- 
ton Street mall, in 1836; wood fence built from 1731 to 1787 ; wood fence built 
all around, 1795 ; iron fence complete all around, 1836. In 1775-76 the Common 
was a fortified camp with batteries and 1,700 British soldiers. In 1745 the 
forces for the attack on Louisburg were mustered here. In 1759 the army of 
Lord Amherst encamped here previous to their march to Canada. Rocham- 
beau's army were assembled here and Washington's army were also paraded and 
quartered on the Common after the seige of Boston. From the first settlement 
of the town all important celebrations, parades and festivities were on the Com- 
mon. The celebration of the introduction of water into Boston, reception and 
parade in honor of the Prince of Wales, parades and musters of the train bands 
and militia. Fourth of July celebrations, assembling of the volunteer regiments 
for the war 1861-65, return of the regiments and batteries. On the large hill 
stands the Army and Navy Monument, erected by the city 1871-77, to commem- 
orate the services of Boston soldiers and sailors in the war of the Rebellion, at a 
cost of $75,000. Crispus Attucks Monument standing near the Tremont Street 
mall, was erected by an appropriation from the Legislature in 1888. The monu- 
ment commemorates the victims of the tragedy on State Street, known as the 
Boston Massacre. The Shaw Monument, near the corner of Park and Beacon 
Streets, opposite the State House, commemorates brave Colonel Shaw and his 
faithful regiment, the 64th Massachusetts, colored troops. The colonel and a 
large number of the men were slain in the assault on Fort Wagner, S. C. Near 
the eastern end of the Frog Pond stood the famous Old Elm until 1876, when i^ 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 37 

was blown down by a severe wind. The Frog Pond in 1846 was like most 
ponds, with a mud bottom. Soon after a granite curb was built, a fountain 
placed near its eastern end and the bottom paved. The heavy iron fence ha« 
been removed from Tremont Street and Boylston Street malls, and the gates and 
gate posts removed from Park Street, West Street and Park .Square entrances. 
The Common contains about forty-eight acres of land. The Brewer Fountain 
near the Park Street mall was presented to the city by Gardner Brewer. It is 
constructed of bronze and was designed by Lienard of Paris. 

Central Burying Ground, on Boston Common, was the fourth in Boston 
and was established in 17")6. The tombs in this ground were built by the 
wealthy inhabitants of Boston and were erected on four sides. A large number 
of these tombs on the south part of the ground were covered over in 1846, when 
the Boylston Street mall was made. At that time a portion of the contents of 
the tombs were removed to the two rows of granite tombs facing the western 
mall, and the remaining tombs were covered. On the construction of the sub- 
way these remaining tombs and contents were removed and the remains were 
buried in a large grave in the northwestern portion of the ground. In the 
western central portion of the ground a large number of Roman Catholics have 
been buried, and in the other sections. Revolutionary soldiers and strangers. 
Probably the first Chinaman buried in America was buried in this ground the 
first of this century. Capt. James Bancroft, Lieut. Marston Watson, Lieut. 
Thomas Blake and many other ofiicers and soldiers were buried here. Gilbert 
Stuart, the celebrated artist who was born in 1755, was buried in a tomb in 1828. 

Apollo Club, founded in 1871 by a few leading singers in church choirs iu 
Boston. There are about eighty active members and five hundred associate 
members. Its concerts are generally given in Music Hall. 

Samuel Adams lived on the south side of Winter Street, corner of 
Winter Place, from 1784 to Oct. 2, 1803. 

St. Paul's Church, Tremont Street, near Winter Street; built 1819-20. 
Daniel Webster attended this church and the remains of Wm. H. Prescott were 
laid in one of the numerous tombs in the cyrpt under the church. 

Masonic Temple, corner of Tremont and Boylston Streets; built 1898-99 
on the site of the Masonic Temple, dedicated 1867 and destroyed by fire 1895, 
occupying the site of a Masonic building destroyed by fire in 1864. The new 
building has a massive stone front, steel frame and is of fireproof construction. 
The building contains three large halls, Corinthian, Egyptian and Gothic, with 
numerous rooms devoted to the use of the Masonic Fraternity. 

Touraine Hotel, corner of Boylston and Tremont Streets ; built in 1897. 
A large massive building of light sandstone, and is one of the best constructed 
buildings in the city. Built on the site of the home of John Quincy Adams. 
Prfc»ident McKinley was entertained here in 1899. 



GUIDE TO METKOPOOTAN BOSTON. 39 

Young Men's Christian Union, 18 Boylston Street. Founded in 1851. 
Has a large handsome building of stone Has about 5,000 members. Has a fine 
library, reading room, gymnasium and several fine halls. 

Boston Theatre, 539 Washington Strea, opened 1854, one of the largest 
in the world; will seat 3,000 persons. Booth, Forrest, Fechter, Salvini, Ristori, 
Jefferson, Barrett, Sothern, Irving and Terry have played before appreciative 
audiences here ; also the state balls to the Prince of Wales and the Grand 
Duke Alexis, and the grand fair of the Sanitary Commission was held here in 
1864. 

Park Theatre, 619 Washington Street ; built in 1879. Seats 1,000 people. 

Keith's Theatre, 547 Washington Street and 163 Tremont Street; built in 
1893-94. Cost #600,000. 

Globe Theatre, successor of Sylwyn's Theatre ; built 1867. Name changed 
to Globe 1871. The building was destroyed by fire on Memorial Day, 1873. 
The building was rebuilt in 1874 by Arthur Cheney, and was burned the second 
time in 1894. The Hotel Savoy now occupies this site. 

Lamb Tavern, Washington Street, was where Adams House now stands, 
1746. 

White Horse Tavern was a few rods south of the Lamb Tavern, 1724. 

Hotel Essex, Atlantic Avenue, opposite Terminal Station, was erected in 
1899. It is an eleven-story steel-frame building, with three hundred chambers 
and other rooms. The main entrance is opposite the Atlantic Avenue entrance 
to the Terminal Station. The building covers one-fourth acre of land. 

Boylston Marlcet, built in 1810, stood on the south corner of Washington 
and Boylston Streets. The building was designed by Bulfinch. John Quincy 
Adams was one of its founders and made an address at the laying of the corner 
stone. In 1887 the building was taken down. The lower floor was a market 
and the halls and rooms were occupied as armories for the militia and Boston 
School Regiment. 

Liberty Tree, planted in 1646 and famous from 1766 to 1775, stood on the 
site of the building on the south corner of Washington and Essex Streets. 
Here the " Sons of Liberty " rallied, but the British troops destroyed the tree 
in 1775. On the front of the building is a large sandstone block, with repre- 
sentation of the tree and an inscription. 

Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin lived on Harrison Avenue, between Beach and 
Essex Streets. 

Gilbert Stuart, the artist, lived on the site of 59 Essex Street. 

President John Quincy Adams lived at southeast corner of Boylston and 
Tremont Streets. Hon. Charles P'rancis Adams was born there. 

United States Hotel, Beach and Kingston Streets. Built 1826; the long 
wings on Lincoln and Kingston Streets were added about tx^enty years later. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 41 

Covers two acres of ground and has 500 chambers. One of the most popular 
hotels. 

The Terminal Station, Junction of Summer and Federal Streets and 
Atlantic Avenue. Erected 1897-98. Dedicated Dec. 30, 1898. The first train 
was run on Sunday Jan. 1, 1899. First train through the subway loop March 9, 
1899. The largest railroad station in the world. Built of stone, steel and brick. 
Total area of land thirty-five acres; total area of land covered by buildings 
thirteen acres; length of main station eight hundred and fifty feet; width of 
main station seven hundred and twenty-five feet; length of train shed six 
hundred and two feet; width five hundred and seventy feet. Thirty-two tracks 
enter the station, twenty-eight on the main floor and four tracks in the subway 
loop ; length of tracks under the roof four miles ; total number of trains seven 
hundred and ten daily. The building was erected by ihe Boston Terminal Com- 
pany, composed of the Boston & Albany Railroad Company, the New England 
Railroad Company, Boston & Providence Railroad Corporation, Old Colony 
Railroad Company and the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Com- 
pany. 

Back Bay District is that part of Boston that was formerly a bay from 
the Charles river, and was filled about thirty-five years ago with gravel brought 
from the hills of Dedham. This made land is bounded by Beacon, Arlington 
and Tremont Streets, and the old Roxbury line. 

Ttie Public Garden is a beautiful park of twenty-three acres, south of the 
Common. Many years ago the whole area of the garden was water, and part of 
the Back Bay, which also flowed what is now the parade ground on the Common. 
In 18(52 the city graded the ground and laid out the garden. A good-sized pond, 
with an ornamental bridge thrown across the centre, with the grounds laid out 
with walks and a beautiful variety of choice trees and shrubs, make a fine land- 
scape. In the spring and fall flowering plants and bulbs are planted. The 
equestrian statue of Washington is a fine work of art, and was designed by Ball. 
It cost $42,000, and was paid for by citizens of Massachusetts in 1859-69. 

The Ether Monument on the garden near Arlington Street, was given to 
the city by Thomas Lee in 1868. It commemorates the discovery by Dr. Mor- 
ton that the inhalation of ether causes insensibility from pain. 

Everett Statue, near Beacon Street, designed by W. W. Story, and was 
cast in Munich, 1866. 

Charles Sumner Statue, near Boylston Street, designed by Ball, erected 
J- 1878 and cost $15,000. 

The Subway extends from the Boylston Street mall on the Public Gar- 
den, to the Union Station, via a continuous tunnel, and the Garden mall, the 
Boylston Street mall and Tremont Street mall on the Common, Tremont Street, 
to the site of the old Boston and Maine depot, Haymarket Square. Another 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 43 

oranch, from the junction of Pleasant and Tremont Streets and Shawmut Ave- 
nue, under Tremont Street to the junction of Tremont and Boylston Streets, 
where the tunnel connects with the main tunnel. A double track is laid in the 
subway the whole distance, with convenient stations along the route. The sub- 
way was completed in 1898 at a cost of over $5,000,000. 

Arlington Street Church, corner of Arlington and Boylston Streets, built 
and dedicated 1861. The edifice is constructed of brownstone, with a lofty 
spire. The tower has a beautiful chime of bells. The society was founded in 
1729 as a Presbyterian Church, and worshiped in a barn until 1744, when they 
built a church on Federal Street, which stood until 1859. William Ellery Chan- 
ning was pastor in 1808-42, and during this time the society became Unitarian. 
Gannett, Ware and Hereford have since been pastors. 

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boylston Street near Claren- 
don Street, incorporated 1861. Two large buildings are built upon land given 
by the state, partly endowed by the state, and it is now the greatest scientific in- 
stitute in America, if not in the world. More than 1,600 students, from every 
state in the Union, and students from foreign countries, attend. 

Boston Art Club adjoins the new Old South Church, founded 1854, build- 
ing erected 1882. Club rooms and large picture gallery for exhibitions. It has a 
valuable art library. 

Harvard Medical School, corner of Boylston and Exeter Streets, founded 
1783. It is a large, fireproof building, built of brick, erected in 1883 at a cost of 
$250,000, and has a large museum, halls and rooms adapted for one hundred in- 
structors and over six hundred students. 

Commonwealth Avenue, the finest avenue in America, is two hundred 
and forty feet wide, from house to house, most costly residences built of brown- 
stone, or brick, in solid blocks. The avenue extends from the Public Garden 
through Chestnut Hill, Brookline, Newton to Auburndale, having two roadways 
with a continuous mall with grass borders and shade trees. 

Hamilton Statue of granite. Dr. Rimmer, sculptor, given to the city by 
Thomas Lee in 18(i5. 

Olover Statue, also on the mall, a heroic work in bronze, by Milmore, 
given to the city by B. T. Reed, 1875. He commanded the 14ih Massa- 
chusetts regiment and was with Washington at Long Island, Valley Forge and 
Trenton. 

William Lloyd Garriron Statue, of bronze, 1886. 

Leif Ericsson Statue, near the entrance of Back Bay Park, on the mall of 
Commonwealth Avenue. 

Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, instituted 1823, chartered 1852. 
For men and women. Present building erected in 1886. The Shepard Library 
was the gift of Dr. S. A. B. Shepard. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 45 

Benevolent Fraternity of Churches, founded 1834 by delegates fron 
the Unitarian Church Societies in Boston, to develop the work of the ministry. 
Incorporated 1839. 

Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics Association, instituted 1705 at 
the " (ireen Dragon Tavern," as the Associated Mechanics and Manufacturers 
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Incorporated under its present title, 
1806. The first building of the association, on Bedford Street, cost $120,000 for 
land and building. Dedicated 1860. Its building on Huntington Avenue has 
three halls. Paul Revere was its first president and served four years. The as- 
sociation has eight hundred members. 

New South Church, Summer and Bedford Streets, dedicated January 8, 
1715. New building completed and dedicated December 28, 1814, removed and 
site sold for stores, May, 1868. New church, Newbury and Berkeley Streets, 
corner stone laid October 17, 1865. 

Lowell Lectures, free to the public, are given in Huntington Hall, Massa- 
chusetts Institute of Technology every season. Endowed in 1839 with $237,000 
by John Lowell, Jr., a wealthy Bostonian, who died at Bombay, India. 

Brunswick (Hotel), Boylston and Clarendon Streets, six stories high, 
built of brick and sandstone, and cost $1,000,000. 

Vendome (Hotel), Commonwealth Avenue and Dartmouth Street. A large 
marble building, has four hundred and fifty rooms, si.\ dining halls, and every 
modern convenience. Cost $1,000,000. 

Central Church, corner Berkeley and Newbury Streets, built 1867 of Rox- 
bury stone. The spire is of stone, two hundred and thirty-six feet high. 
Church founded 1835 and worshipped in a large, granite front church on Winter 
Street from 1841. 

South Congregational Church, Newbury and Exeter Streets. Building 
erected 1883-84 for the old Hollis Street Society founded in 1730. The South 
Congregational Society organized in 1828, and in 1887 moved from their church 
on Union Park Street (which was sold for a Jewish Synagogue) to this building, 
and united with the Hollis Street Society at that time. 

Horace Mann School, a stone building east of the South Congregational 
Church; founded in 1869 for deaf and dumb children, and is a branch of the 
public school system. 

First Baptist Church, Commonwealth Avenue and Clarendon Streets, 
founded in Charlestown in 1665 ; built on Salem and Stillman Streets, 1679, and 
again in 1771 ; on Hanover and Union Streets in 1820; on Somerset Street in 1855. 
The present church building, built 1872 at a cost of $284,000 for the Brattle 
Square Unitarian Society founded 1699, dissolved 1876. Bought in 1881 by 
several persons, and in 1882 was sold for $100,000 to the Baptist society who 
afterwards erected a chapel at a cost of $50,00u. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 47 

Trinity Church, Copley Square, the finest ecclesiastical building in New 
England, completed 1877. The walls are built of reddish-yellow Dedham 
granite and brownstone. The tower is two hundred and eleven feet high and 
forty-six feet square inside, with a pyramidal roof of red akron tiles. The 
triple-arched porch on the front was built in 1894-07. Among Trinity's rectors 
were Bishop Parker, Doane, Hopkins, Wainwright, Eastburn, Clark and Phil- 
lij)s Brooks. This society formerly occupied the granite church building de- 
stroyed by fire in 1872 on Summer Street. 

New Old South Church, Dartmouth Street and Copley Square. Built 
1872-75 of Roxbury stone. The great bell tower is 248 feet high. Cost $600,- 
000. The leading Congregational church in New England. Adjoining the 
church on Boylston Street is the chapel and parsonage. This society formerly 
occupied the Old South Church. 

The Second Church, Copley Square. The society dates from 1649 and 
their church was on North Square until 1775; Hanover Street from 1779 to 
1849; Freeman Place 1850 to 1854; Bedford Street from 1854 to 1872; Copley 
Square since 1874. Among the pastors have been Increase Cotton and Samuel 
Mather, Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1829-32, Chandler Robbins, 1833-74, and 
Robert Laird Collier. Unitarian. 

Chauncy Hall School, Copley Square adjoining the Second Church. 
Founded 1828; erected 1873. This school has been discontinued and is now 
used by the city of Boston for a Girl's Latin School building. 

The Boston Museum of Fine Arts, south side of Copley Square; built 
of brick, stone and terra cotta. Founded in 1870, and received its land as a 
gift from the city. Has one of the finest collections of works of art in the world. 

The First Church, Berkeley and Marlboro Streets. A beautiful Gothic 
building ; erected in 1868 at a cost of $325,000, The society was organized in 
Charlestown in 1630 by Winthrop and others ; its first house (1632-40) mud- 
walled and thatched, on site of 27 State Street; its second (1640-1711) and 
third (1713-1808) on site of 209 Washington Street, and fourth on Chauncy 
Place, near Summer Street, 1808 to 1868. Colton, Wilson, Foxcroft, Chauncy, 
Frothingham and Ellis were pastors. 

Public Library, Copley Square. Founded 1852 ; is the largest library in 
America, and has over 550,000 volumes and 350,000 pamphlets. Erected in 
1888-95 at a cost of $2,650,000. Most of the land was given by the state. The 
builaiiig is built of pinkish-gray granite. The building is two hundred and 
twenty-five feet long, two hundred and twenty-seven feet deep and seventy 
feet high. Joshua Bates, a native of Boston, but long a resident of London, 
England, gave $100,000 for the purchase of books, and since that time 
many generous individuals have given their large private libraries, and donated 
large sums of money for the use of the library. The city makes a Iqrge 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 49 

annual appropriation for the support of the library. (The old school building on 
Mason Street was the first building used for the library, and in 1858 a large new 
building was completed on Boylston Street. It was torn down in 1899.) The 
beautiful halls contain, beside the large number of books, many rare works of 
art, statues of bronze and marble, oil paintings, marble busts and many valuable 
historic relics of the city 

St. Botolph Club No. 2 Newbury Street; founded 1880. A club for 
artists, authors and professional men. 

Emmanuel Church, founded 1860, Newbury Street. Gothic architecture, 
built of Roxbury pudding stone in 18(il-62. 

The Young Men's Christian Association, founded 1851 ; the oldest in 
the United States. The association owns and occupies a large brick and brown- 
stone building, corner Boylston and Berkeley Streets; erected in 1883 at a cost 
of $300,000. 

The Museum of Natural History. Founded 1831. The building was 
built at the corner of Boylston and Berkeley Streets on land given by the state 
1864. Has a library of 20,000 volumes. 

Algonquin Club, '111 Commonwealth Avenue. Founded 1885 ; building 
built 1888, at a cost of $300,000 

University Club, 270 Beacon Street. Founded 1892. 

Hotel Tuileries, Commonwealth Avenue. A large six story building, 
built in 1896. The front is of stone, and the interior is constructed of the best 
material and costly furniture. 

Massachusetts Normal Art School. Building built 1886 by the state; 
opposite the new Old .South Church ; is a school to educate drawing teachers 
for the public schools. The school was established in 1873 and has now 
reached a high degree of proficiency through the liberal annual appropriation of 
the states, enabling the Board of Education to procure the best talent for in- 
structors. There is a large museum connected with the schoo'-. 

Mechanics Arts High School, Dalton and Belvedere Streets; erected in 
1892-93 at a cost of $230,000 ; 300 pupils. 

Church of the Messiah, St. Paul and Gainsborough Streets -. founded in 
1843 at the South End. 

Hotel Lenox, corner of Boylston and Exeter streets, with principal entrance 
on Exeter Street, is a first-class fireproof structure eleven stories in height, with 
steel frame, the first and second stories and basement outer walls of light sand- 
stone and the nine stories above of red brick with light sandstone trimmings. 

The Boston Athletic Association. Founded 1888; Exeter Street, corner 
of Blagden Street. This association occupies a large brick and stone structure, 
equipped as a first-class gymnasium, with facilities for swimming, bowling^ 
tennis, racquet, handball, fencing, etc., and has more than 2,000 members on the 
rolls. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 51 

Symphony Hall, corner of Massachusetts and Huntington avenues, was 
built in 1890 and 1000. The main entrance on Huntington Avenue has an Ionic 
portico with eight stone pillars, and the walls of the building are of stone and 
brick. The main hall rises higher than the rest of the building, with a pedi- 
ment at the top. At either corner of the front section is a pavilion which runs 
into a wing extending the length of the building. Overlooking these wings in 
the main hall are clere windows. On the Massachusetts Avenue side is a vesti- 
bule which makes a straight line through and across the hall interior. The 
building has a frontage of one hundred and fifty feet on Huntington Avenue. 
The total seating capacity of the hall is 2,630, two hundred and thirty-three more 
than the old Music Hall. The floor capacity is l.^ill, the first balcony six hun- 
dred and eight and second balcony five hundred and eleven. The hall has an 
interior length of one hundred and forty feet and a width of seventy-five feet. 
The main ticket office is on the Massachusetts Avenue side. The building cost 
about $500,000. 

Massachusetts Historical Society, Boylston Street opposite the Fenway, 
founded 1701. Building of fireproof construction, three stories, cut sandstone 
first story, and fireproof brick on two upper stories. The building contains a 
main hall, small halls, library and cabinet rooms, and ofiices. On the shelves 
are 35,000 volumes and 75,000 pamphlets, besides manuscripts and relics of 
great interest. Forty-five volumes of collections have been published by the 
society. 

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, founded in 1780, now lo- 
cated in Massachusetts Historical Society building. Franklin, Bowden, Quincy, 
Hancock, Bowditch, John Adams and Samuel Adams were early members. Its 
transactions are published in large quartos. Has a large library. 

Harvard Bridge, connecting Massachusetts Avenue, in Boston, with the 
same avenue in Cambridge, is a superb structure built across the Charles River 
a few years ago. Electric cars are constantly crossing the bridge between the 
two cities. The view from the bridge in ali directions is very extensive. 

First Corps of Cadets, organized 1741, armory 130 Columbus Avenue. 
A massive stone building with a tower 140x55 feet. Acted as body guard for 
the provincial governors, and annually the same duty for the governor of the 
state. Served in the Rhode Island campaigns of 1778 and the Dorr Rebellion, 
and in 1861 garrisoned defences in the harbor. In 1898 again called out to man 
defences along the coast during the Ci-ban war. John Hancock was one of its 
early commanders. 

In the tower is the large library founded by John C. Ropes for the Military 
Historical Society of Massachusetts. 




Geo. II. Walker it Co., Boston. 

Armory First Corps '^f Cadets. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 53 

The Emancipation Group, Park Square, is a duplicate of the Freedman's 
Memorial in Washington, made of bronze and represents Lincoln with a freed 
negro kneeling at his feet. Cost $17,000. 

Boston Dispensary on Bennett Street, founded 1796. 

Columbia Theatre, 078 Washington Street, corner of Motte Street, 
opened 1891. Built partly within the walls of the brick church, formerly a Uni- 
tarian Church, and later purchased by the Roman Catholics for a Pro-cathedral, 
and occupied by them while the cathedral was building. 

Wells' Memorial Working Men's Institute, 987 Washington Street. A 
memorial to Rev. E. M. P. Wells, the city missionary. 

Church of the Holy Trinity, Shawmut Avenue, built of stone. A Roman 
Catholic church controlled by members of the Jesuit order. 

fiollis Street Church, Hollis Street, built of wood, completed April, 1731; 
wood house burnt November 12, 1787, rebuilt of wood, 1703 ; rebuilt of brick, 
completed May 31, 1811. The church building and site was sold and the church 
editice was reconstructed and is now a theatre. The pastors of the old church 
were Mather Byles, the Tory; John Pierpont, Thomas Starr King and Henry 
B. Carpenter. 

Wendell Phillips lived and died in a house on the north side of Common 
Street near Tremont Street. 

Children's Mission to the Children of the Destitute, 227 Tremont 
Street, and the Young Women's Christian Association, (56 Warrenton 
Street, are two of the best institutions in the city. 

Odd Fellows Hall, Tremont, corner of Berkeley Streets ; a large granite 
building for the use of the fraternity ; built in 1871-72. 

Berkeley Temple, Berkeley Street and Warren Avenue. Built in 1862 by 
the Congregational Society ; founded on Pine Street in 1827. 

Young Women's Christian Association, 40 Berkeley Street. A large 
brick building, with hall, gymnasium and library. 

Fortifications were erected on the " Neck," just above Dover Street, and a 
military force, was in garrison there in 1631 as a defence against Indians. 
Afterwards an embrasured brick parapet with two gates was erected. In 1710 
a heavy work of stone, brick and earth, with large gates was erected. The 69th 
British Regiment was stationed here and ten pieces of artillery were mounted, 
afterwards increased to twenty-three guns. The main line of the British troops 
was farther up the neck between Dedham and Canton Streets, armed with 
twenty-eight guns, moats, drawbridge, and supported with floating batteries. 
Frequent artillery duels took place between this battery and the American 
artillery at Roxbury. 

The gallows was first erected on the Neck near Dedham Street. After- 
wards removed to where James Street is located. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 55 

Castle Square Theatre, 421 Tremor.: Street; opened 1804. Fireproof; 
seats 1,700 people ; cost $1,500,000. 

Parker Memorial Hall, Berkeley and Appleton Streets ; commemorates 
Theodore Parker the liberal reformer. 

Paine Memorial Hall, erected by freethinkers in memory of Thomas 
Paine. 

Clarendon Street Baptist Church, rear Tremont Street. Founded on 
Federal Street, 1827. 

St. Stephen's Church, Florence Street ; occupied by an Episcopal Society. 
The church building was erected in 1848, and occupied by the parish of the 
Messiah until sold in 1892. 

Church of the Disciples, Warren Avenue; erected 1869. Founded in 
1841 as a Unitarian Society; Samuel Joseph May, Gov. John A. Andrew and 
Julia Ward Howe, members. James Freeman Clarke pastor from 1841 to 1888. 

Union Church, corner Columbus Avenue and West Newton Street. A 
Congregational Society founded in Essex Street in 1822. Nehemiah Adams 
was pastor for forty-four years. 

Home for Little Wanderers, on West Newton Street; formerly at the 
North End. 

First Presbyterian Church, corner of Columbus Avenue and Isabella 
Street and the French Catholic Church of Notre Dame des Victoires be- 
hind it. 

The People's Temple, a Methodist Church, corner of Columbus Avenue 
and ISerkeley Street ; seats 3,000 persons. 

The Second Universalist Church, Columbus Avenue, corner of Claren- 
don Street ; has a tall stone spire. Founded on School Street in 1816, 
and built here 1871-72. 

Warren Avenue Baptist Church, corner of West Canton Street; built 
186-J. Founded 1743 at Baldwin Place, North End. 

English High School, Montgomery Street; founded in 1821. Occupies 
the eastern part of an immense building ; erected in 1877-81, at a cost of $750,000. 

Latin School occupies the western half of the building. Founded in 1635. 
A large number of prominent citizens of Boston graduated from this school. 

Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Washington Street, corner Maiden Street. 
Dedicated May 2, 1875. The largest church in New England; built of stone in 
1867-75. The dimensions are three hundred and sixty-four by one hundred and 
seventy feet. The chapel of the Blessed Sacrament has the altar from the P'rank- 
lin Street Cathedral. In the rear of the cathedral is the archbishop's residence. 

South Burying Ground, on Washington Street, South End, was estab- 
tablished in 1810, and completed in 1837. The ground was originally surrounded 
on four sides by granite front tombs, with a dozen or more in the centre plots, 



56 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

the single graves being in ranges. All of the tombs on the north side and part 
of the east side were removed some years ago, and fully one-third of the ground, 
with the remains, sold by the city of Boston to the proprietors of the St. James 
Hotel, and afterwards to the New England Conservatory of Music. 

Langhatn Hotel, Washington Street, occupies the whole block from Wor- 
cester to Springfield Streets ; marble front. 

Massachusetts Homoeopathic Hospital, Stoughton Street ; the largest in 
America. Founded 1870. 

City Hospital, Harrison Avenue, opposite Worcester Square. Main hos- 
pital building erected 1864-65 at a cost of $600,000. Has now twenty-eight 
buildings erected at a cost of over $8,000,000, and covers an area of fourteen 
acres of land. 

ISew England Conservatory of Music, East Newton Street, established 
1867. In 1882 the property was purchased from the owners of St. James Hotel 
and occupied by all departments of music, with one hundred instructors and 
2,000 pupils. 

Boston College, Harrison Avenue, near Newton Street, founded 1860, as a 
Jesuit school. 

Church of the Immaculate Conception. A Jesuit Church built 1857- 
01 of white granite. 

Home for Destitute Catholic Children, opposite the college, is under 
the charge of Sisters of Charity. 

The Shawmut Avenue Church, corner Tremont and Brookline Streets. 
The society founded 184.j, and present building erected 1864. 

The Church of the Unity, West Newton Street. Built 1861. Sold 1898. 

Girls' High and Normal Schools, West Newton Street. A large brick 
building occupied by 1,300 pupils. 

Tremont Street Methodist Church, comer West Concord and Tremont 
Streets. Constructed of Roxbury stone, of Gothic architecture, designed by 
Hammatt Billings, the celebrated artist, in 1862. 

Chickering Piano Manufactory, occupies the block on Tremont Street, 
between Northampton and Camden Streets, one of the largest buildings in the 
country, and was built by Jonas Chickering, the pioneer piano manufacturer in 
the United States. During the war of the Rebellion, one wing of the building 
was used as a manufactory for making rifles for the government. 

Hollis Street Theatre, built in part within the walls of the Hollis Street 
Church. 

The entrenched camp of the American Army, during the seige of 
Boston, was a few feet south of where the Washington Market stands. 

Near East Dedham Street was the building used as a mint to coin the 
Massachusetts cents and half cents authorized by the Legislature. The copper 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 57 

was rolled in sheets at Dedham and brought to the mint at Dedham Street to 
be coined. 

George Tavern in 1720 stood on the northwest corner of Washington and 
Northampton Streets. The advance post of the American forces was George's 
Tavern. 

New Museum of Fine Arts. Five hundred and sixty-two thousand square 
feet of land, situated on the Fenway and Huntington Avenue, opposite the Fens, 
have been purchased by the Museum for the erection of more commodious build- 
ings for the society now on Copley Square. $500,000 was paid for the land. 

New Horticultural Hall, corner of Huntingtonand Massachusetts avenues, 
was built in 1000. The lot contains 22,500 feet, with frontage of 100 feet on 
Huntington Avenue and 225 feet on Massachusetts Avenue. The building is 
constructed of brick with limestone trimmings. 

Medical Library Association's New Building, on Back Bay Fens, near 
Boylston Street. First story of front is of stone, and above of buff gray brick, 
with stone trimmings. First floor : offices, small hall, smoking-room, supper 
room, etc. Second floor : Holmes hall is the general library of the association, 
82 by 70 feet. The stock room of the library occupies the rear portion of three 
floors, with 30,000 volumes. Third floor, a large hall for use of the association. 

Boston Library, 18 Boylston Place, organized in 1794. A choice library 
of over thirty thousand books. The library was first located in the brick build- 
ing that formerly spanned Arch Street on Franklin Street for a period of fifty 
years. A private library with one hundred shareholders. 

The Thorndike, on Boylston Street, opposite the Public Garden and near 
the entrance to the subway. A substantial building of 150 rooms. 

Colonial Theatre, Boylston Street, opposite the Common, was built in 
1900. The front elevation is granite, ten stories in height. The building is in 
two sections. The entire front section contains three hundred offices for busi- 
ness purposes. The theatre proper occupies the rear section, having a separate 
entrance from Boylston Street. The building and land cost aboat $1,850,000. 
Hotel Cecil, Washington Street, near Boylston Street. 

New Chapel, Administration Building and Gateway, Mt. Hope 
Cemetery, are built of Roxbury pudding stone, with sandstone trimmings. 
The chapel is 32 by 60 feet, built in early English Gothic style, with tower 45 feet 
high, with bell. The administration building is 50 by 40 feet in dimensions. 
Both buildings are connected by the fence and gateway. 

New Chapel, Mt. Auburn Cemetery, on right of main gateway. Con- 
structed of red sandstone, with interior of dark oak. The new administration 
building adjoins the chapel and is constructed of the same material. The old 
chapel, built of granite many years ago, has been equipped as a crematory. 

Two Memorial Tablets of Bronze have been placed in Doric Hall, 
State House, in memory of Charles lUilfinch, architect. 

Back Bay Station, N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R., Dartmo ,th Street, was built 



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GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 57b 

Trinity Place Station, B. & A. R. R., is built of pink granite. It has a 
stairway entrance on Dartmouth Street and a driveway from Trinity Court. 
All outward trains stop here. 

Huntington Avenue Station, B. & A. R. R., at the corner of Huntington 
Avenue and Irvington St., is built of red sandstone. All inward trains stop here. 

Exports and Imports of ttie Port of Boston. The total exports from 
the port of Boston for the calendar year 1899 were $127,133,983, and the im- 
ports for the same time were $6:,000,000, a total business of $190,000,000. 

Ferries between Boston and opposite shores. 

Chelsea Ferry (foot of Hanover Street) to foot of Winnisimmet Street, 
Chelsea. 

East Boston, North Ferry (foot of Battery Street). 

East Boston, South Ferry (foot of Eastern Avenue). 

Boston & Revere Beach Railroad Ferry, 350 Atlantic Avenue, to terminal of 
the railroad in East Boston. 

Bridges : Dover Street to South fJoston ; Broadway to South Boston ; 
Federal Street to South Boston ; Washington Avenue to South Boston ; Summer 
Street to South Boston ; Congress Street to South Boston. 

Charles River (new) to Charlestown ; Warren to Charlestown. 

Craigie to Cambridge ; West Boston to Cambridge ; Harvard to Cambridge ; 
Essex Street to Cambridge; Cambridge Street, Brighton, to Cambridge; Western 
Avenue, Brighton, to Cambridge; Harvard Street, Brighton, to Cambridge; Arse- 
nal Street, Brighton, to Watertown ; North Beacon Street, Brighton, to Water- 
town. 

Neponset Avenue, Dorchester, to Quincy ; Granite Street, Dorchester, to 
Milton ; Central Avenue, Dorchester, to Milton ; Dorchester Avenue, Dorchester, 
to Milton; Blue Hill Avenue, Dorchester, to Milton. 



TOPOGRAPHY OF EARLY BOSTON. 

On approaching the land from Long Wharf, high water mark was reached 
at what is now the corner of Merchant Row on one side of State Street and Kilby 
Street on the other. The northerly site of the cove ran above Faneuil Hall and 
across here to North Street, and followed that street to its junction with Com- 
mercial Street. West of State Street a little cove ran in about where Congress 
Street is, and reached to the corner of Franklin Street. It thus cut off direct 
approach to Fort Hill, which rose to the southeast. 

The water line at Fort Hill, on the south, was substantially the same as to- 
day. Broad Street, from Batterymarch to Federal Street, being substantially 
the boundary. A sharp turn was made at the junction of Federal and East 
Streets, and the South Cove stretched west to Washington Street near Essex 




BOSTON. 



The solid black represents the part which has beeu filled. A large portion of what is now the 
principal business district was originally covered by water and was connected with the mainland 
by a very narrow neck. The Cambridge side of Charles River has also been filled quite exten- 
sively. , 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 59 

Street and north of Beach Street. The South Cove ran parallel with Washing- 
ton Street within one hundred and fifty feet of the street, up to Dover Street, 
and beyond. 

Crossing Washington Street at Dover Street, Back Bay swept up to a little 
south of Pleasant Street, nearly to the large hill on the Common, taking in all of 
the parade ground from the burying ground to Beacon Street. 

At Beacon Hill, Tremont, Court and Cambridge Streets were at its base, 
and high water line crossing Cambridge Street and Anderson Street. A penin- 
sula stretching towards the northwest ran across to Brighton Street, with Mill 
Cove on the east. Here the land extended below Leverett Street and reached 
nearly to Hanover Street. The water crossed Gouch and Pitts Streets, and Sud- 
bury Street between Bowker and Portland Streets. At where Blackstone Street 
now is, a canal connected the Mill Pond with the Town Dock, (where the Quincy 
Market now stands), making the North End an island. 



ROXBURY. 



Settled in 1630, incorporated as a town but a few days after Boston, and 
annexed to Boston, January 6, 1868. Here lived John Eliot, the first missionary 
to the Indians and translater of the Bible into the Indian language. Major Gen. 
William Heath, one of Washington's generals, resided on his farm near Centre 
Street. Brig. Gen. John Greaton, a famous officer of the Continental line, died 
in the cottage on east side of Norfolk House. Col. Joseph Williams lived near 
the site of the " High Fort." He was a distinguished officer of the French and 
Indian war. William Pynchon, the founder of Springfield, Mass., was one of 
the early settlers of Roxbury. 

The Roxbury High Fort, one hundred and fifty-eight feet above tide level, 
is between Beach Street, (ilen and Fort Avenues, and was the strongest work 
constructed by the American army during the seige of Boston, and received a 
heavy fire from the British batteries on the Common and the Neck, during the 
battle of Bunker Hill. On the construction of the standpipe for the high ser- 
vice of Water Works, the original earthworks were leveled. By the efforts of 
patriotic citizens of Roxbury the work was reconstructed on the original lines 
by the city. 

Roxbury Latin School, one of the oldest and most famous in the country, 
was established in 1645, only nine years after Harvard College. John Eliot and 
Gov. Thomas Dudley were among its founders, and its early teachers were Judge 
William Gushing. Gen. Joseph Warren, Gov. Increase Sumner, and Bishop 



60 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

Samuel Parker. The original name of the school was " The Grammar School in 
the easterly part of the town of Roxbury." 

First Parish Church Society occupies the church building erected in 1804. 
The building is on the site of all the Iniildings erected by this society since it was 
founded, and is the oldest in Boston, except the First Church Society in Boston. 

Greyhound Tavern, Washington Street, nearly opposite Warren Street, 
opened in 1645. Headquarters for mustering troops in Roxbury for the old 
French war, and conspicuous in the Revolution. Washington was entertained 
here. 

Eustis Street Burying Ground, corner of Washington and Eustis Streets, 
Roxbury. This is the oldest ground in Roxbury and was established in 1632, 
Here were buried Rev. John Eliot, 1690, the apostle to the Indians, his col- 
league. Rev. Samuel Uanforth, and their successors ; pastors of the First Parish 
Church in Roxbury: Rev. Thomas Walter, 1725 ; Rev. Nehemiah Walter, 
1750; Rev. Oliver Peabody, 1752; Rev. Amos Adams, 1775; and Rev. Elipha- 
let Porter, 1833; Gov. Thomas Dudley, 1653; Gov. Joseph Dudley, 1720; Chief 
Justice Paul Dudley, 1752; Col. Wm. Dudley, 1743; Capt. John Weld, 1645 ; 
Capt. John May (master of the ship " James," 1630 to 1640) 1670; the father and 
mother of Maj. Gen. Joseph Warren; Robert Calef, who was instrumental in 
stopping the witchcraft delusion, 1719; Benjamin Thompson, schoolmaster and 
physician, 1714; Col. Joseph Williams, French and Indian wars; Brig. Gen. 
lohn Greaton of the Continental line, and a large number of officers and soldiers 
of the early Indian wars, the French and Indian war and the Revolution. Many 
of the oiiginal settlers of Roxbury were buried in this ground, and the names of 
Weld, Williams, Ruggles, Danforth, Brewer, Morris, Park, Crafts, Lyon, Hol- 
brook, Dorr, Pierpont, Gore, Draper, Mears, Bowen, Denison, Felton, Griggs, Scar- 
borough, Newell, Parker, Payson, Perrin, Seaver, Walter, Whiting, White. Wil- 
lard, with many others, were the pioneers of Roxbury when it was a wilderness. 

Gen. Joseph Warren, born in Roxbury, June 11, 1741, graduated from 
Harvard College and practiced as a physician, and was a teacher in the Roxbury 
Latin School. The Warren estate on Warren Street was bought by the general's 
grandfather. The old mansion is gone, but a modern house, built of Roxbury 
stone, stands on the site with a tablet inserted in the wall to commemorate the 
birthplace of the patriot. A sum of money aggregating over $18,000 and twenty 
bronze cannon have been appropriated through the generous contributions of 
Roxbury citizens, the city, and the guns from the general government, to erect 
a suitable monument on the triangular plot of ground nearly opposite the War- 
ren estate. Dr. John Warren, brother of the general, a surgeon in the Revolu- 
tionary army, was also born here. He died in 1815, buried from King's Chapel, 
and the brother's remains are now buried at Mt. Warren, Forest Hills Cemetery. 
The Warren estate is now owned by Dr. John C. Warren of Boston. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 61 

Gen. Nelson A. Miles, the Commander-in-Chief of the U. S. army, went 
from Roxbury as first lieutenant of a company in the war of the Rebellion. 

Col. William Raymond Lee went to the front in command of the 20th 
Regiment, Mass. Vols. 

The Parting Stone, corner of Roxbury and Centre Streets, was placed by 
Chief Justice Paul Dudley. 

William Lloyd Garrison occupied the house No. 125 Highland Street, 
from 1864 to 1879. 

Fellows Athenaeum on Millmont Street has 35,000 volumes in the library. 

St. James Episcopal Church, St. James Street. Built of Roxbury stone. 

Admiral Winslow, who commanded the Kearsarge at the sinking of the 
Confederate vessel Alabama, lived on Kearsarge Avenue. 

Boston Baseball Grounds, from Columbus Avenue, Roxbury, founded 
1871. Here the leading clubs from all parts of the country play match games. 

Roxbury has now a population of more than 100,000. 



CHARLESTOWN. 



Called Mishawum by the Indians ; was settled in 1629, and became a city in 
1847. Annexed to Boston 1873. 

First Church, founded 1632, with thirty-five members, in the " Great 
House," site of old City Hall. John Harvard preached here ; also Jedediah 
Morse 1789-1820, and M. I. Budington. Present building erected 1834, and the 
Norman tower has a chime of six bells. 

Phipps Street Burying Ground, from Main Street, Charlestown, is the 
oldest ground in Charlestown, and was established shortly after the first settle- 
ment of the town. John Harvard, the founder of Harvard College, was buried 
here, and a large granite monument, with two white marble tablets with suitable 
inscriptions, was. erected in 1828, on the hill in the centre of the ground. In 
1898, a committee of the college graduates caused the marble tablets to be re- 
moved, as they were in bad condition, and two beautiful bronze tablets were 
placed on the monument. Many of the first settlers of the town were buried 
here and the oldest inscription bears the date 1652. Commissary General Richard 
Devens and many other officers and soldiers of the Revolution were buried in 
tombs or graves. 

Bunker Hill Monument. A granite obelisk, 221 feet high, on Monument 
Square, Breeds Hill, Charlestown. Corner stone laid by Lafayette June 17, 
1825, and monument dedicated June 17, 1843; Daniel Webster delivered the 



Geo H. Walker & Co., Boston. 

Bunker Hill Monument. 



GUIDK TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 63 

oration. Cost $150,000. The battle of Bunker Hill was fought June 17, 1775. 
when 4,000 British veterans attacked 3,000 Americans behind rude breastworks, 
and after four hours' battle, captured the redoubt. The British lost 1,500; the 
Americans 450. 

A marble statue of Gen. Warren, who was slain at Bunker Hill, stands 
in the lodge at the base of the monument. Erected 1857. 

A bronze statue of Col. William Prescott also stands on the grounds. 
Erected 1881. 

The town was burnt by the British June 17, 1775, during the battle, and the 
2,700 inhabitants were forced to flee to towns adjoining. Loss $500,000. 

United States Navy Yard. Founded 1800; entrance on Water Street. 
The yard is between the Charles and Mystic Rivers, and has an area of eighty- 
seven and a quarter acres ; surrounded by a high granite wall and a water front 
of one and one-half miles. There are seventy-five buildings in the enclosure; 
commandant's residence, naval museum, naval institute, machine shops and a 
rope walk, built of granite, 1,361 feet long, where rope is made for the U. S. 
navy. The great granite dry dock is three hundred and seventy feet long; built 
1827-33, at a cost of $994,000. The receiving ship Wabash is moored off the 
yard, with other vessels. 

The New Dry Dock for the Navy Yard was begun April 17, 1899, and is 
to be completed by the terms of the contract, in thirty months from April 1, 
1899, at a cost of $883,400. It will be constructed of stone and concrete, and 
will be built in cross sections, until the work is completed. The new dock is sit- 
uated just east and parallel to the old dock, and will be seven hundred and fifty 
feet long or twice as long as the old dock, and will cost but little more than the 
old one. Most of the work in docking the vessels will be done by machinery. 
A huge crane or derrick will travel along the dock on tracks, so that the heavy 
shores, blocks, tackle, and material needed for repairing vessels may be expe- 
ditiously handled. Building this dock at the yard means a great deal for the 
mechanics of Boston, as on the completion of the great work, the largest 
ships in the navy will be sent to Boston to be docked and repaired, employ- 
ing thousands of workmen in all departments of the yard, enabling the 
Charlestown yard to take its old place as one of the best navy yards of the 
country. 

Soldiers and Sailors' Monument, Monument Square. Dedicated in 
1872 ; cost $20,000. In memory of soldiers and sailors who died 1801-65. 

Branch Public Library, in old City Hall, City Square; has a large, valu- 
able library. 

State Prison. Built at Prison Point, 1805. North wing built 1829; west 
wing built 1850; west wing enlarged 1867. Large workshops for the prisoners 
are within the walls. 



64 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

WEST ROXBURY. 



Set off from Roxbury and incorporated as a town 1855 ; annexed to Boston 
1873. 

The Second Parish Church was erected in 1712, on Walter Street; the 
building was taken down about 1825, and the heavy frame set up on Centre 
Street, where it now stands. Rev Theodore Parker was for some years pastor 
of the church. 

The Third Church, corner of Centre and Eliot .Streets, Jamaica Plain, was 
founded 1773. Its first pastors were Rev. William Gordon, Rev. Thomas Gray, 
Rev. Grindall Reynolds and Rev. James W. Thompson. 

Brook Farm, a community formed by Hawthorne, Ripley, Dana, Alcott 
and others in 1844-47. The farm is a mile from West Roxbury station on the 
banks of the Charles River. 

La Orange Street Burying Ground was the second ground in Roxbury. 
It was established by a vote of the town July 21, 1683. Some of the original 
settlers of Roxbury were buried here. 

Walter Street Burying Ground v,'a.s established in 1712, and is the third 
oldest ground in what was Roxbury. On the front portion of this ground 
formerly stood the Second Parish Church of Roxbury, now known as the First 
Church of West Roxbury. The heavy frame of the church now stands on 
Centre Street. The oldest gravestone standing bears the date 1722. Here were 
buried John Bridge, colonial auditor, Capt. Jonathan Hale of Glastonbury, 
Conn., and a large number of Revolutionary soldiers who died in the army 
hospitals in Jamaica Plain in 1776. 

EliOt Burying Ground, on Eliot Street, Jamaica Plain, is the fourth oldest 
ground in what was Roxbury, and was established in 1785. This ground belongs 
to the First Parish of Jamaica Plain, and is in the rear of the church. There are 
a large number of tombs and graves, and many familiar names in the history of 
Roxbury may be seen on the gravestones. Capt. Lemuel May, who commanded 
a company at Lexington alarm, was buried here in 1805, and many a brave 
soldier of the Revolution may be traced by his epitaph. 

Forest Hills Cemetery, West Roxbury, consecrated 1848, has an area of 
two hundred and twenty-five acres. The large gateway of Gothic architecture, 
is constructed of Roxbury pudding stone taken from the quarries in the vicinity. 
The chapel and offices are constructed of the same stone, all being trimmed with 
light sandstone. The large receiving tomb is but a short distance from the gate- 
way, and opposite, on a hill, rises a tall bell tower, also built of stone. The 
cemetery is one of the best laid out grounds on the landscape plan in the coun- 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 65 

try. The main avenues and paths follow the natural topography of the land, 
with the lots fronting on the paths, with ample space reserved for effective orna- 
mental planting of trees, shubbery, vines, and plants in profusion. The whole 
ground presents a beautiful diversity of hills, valleys and lakes, with views from 
the hills and ledges, unsurpassed. 

Many distinguished men were buried here; Maj. Gen. Joseph Warren, his 
brother, Dr. John Warren, Maj. Gen. William Heath, Brig. Gen. Henry Jack- 
son, Colonel John May, Major Ephraim May, all of the Revolutionary army ; Brig. 
Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn, Ex.-Gov. Alexander H. Rice, Ex-Gov. William Gaston, 
Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, Admiral John A. Winslow, Admiral Henry Knox 
Thatcher, William Lloyd Garrison, Rev. Jacob M. Manning, Rev. James F. 
Clarke, Rev. Alonzo A. Miner, Rev. Dr. Gordon, E. L. Davenport, John Gilbert, 
and Andrew Carney. In the soldiers' lot, dedicated to the soldiers of Roxbury 
who were killed in the war for the Union, are buried soldiers who have died since 
their return from the field. A large bronze statue of a soldier was erected in the 
lot in 1867. 

Mount Hope Cemetery contains one hundred and seven and a quarter 
acres. This ground is also laid out on the landscape plan, and has many beau- 
tiful monuments. The soldiers' monument of heavy artillery, donated by the 
United States government, and other large lots set apart for societies, have 
handsome monuments. This ground is controlled by the city of Boston. 

Sir Francis Bernard, John Hancock, Gov. Bowdoin, Commodore Loring and 
Francis Parkham lived in Jamaica Plain. 



DORCHESTER. 



Settled in 1030. The first meeting house was erected in 1631 at the corner 
of Pleasant and East Cottage Streets. In 1635 a mill was erected by Israel 
Stoughton, and in 1634 a bridge over the Neponset River was completed. The 
first general court met in 1634, and Dorchester was represented by three dele- 
gates. Annexed to Boston in 1870. 

The First Parish Church organized May 20, 1630, and the first service 
was held in the open air. Rev. Richard Mather served thirty-three years in this 
church, Rev. John Davenport forty-eight and Rev. Thaddeus M. Harris forty- 
three years. 

The Second Church, founded 1808. In eighty years it had but three pas- 
tors ; Rev. John Codman, D. D., Rev. James H. Means, D. D., and Rev. E. U. 
Packard, D. D. 



66 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



The Pierce House is probably the second oldest house standing in 
America ; erected in 1685, and is now in the hands of that family. 

The Blake house, on Dorchester way, dates from 1670. 

The First Free Public School was undoubtedly opened in this town in 
1630, as the town records show. 

Henry Knox and Daniel Webster dwelt in a colonial mansion at Ashmont. 

North Dorchester Burying Ground, corner of Stoughton and Boston 
Streets, is the oldest ground of what was the town of Dorchester, and was estab- 
lished in 1633. There are a large number of tombs, the most ancient being in 
the oldest part of the ground near the corner of Stoughton and Boston Streets. 
Here were buried Rev. Richard Mather, father of Rev. Increase Mather, and 
grandfather of Rev. Cotton Mather, Lieut. Gov. William Stoughton, Maj. Gen. 
Humphrey Atherton, Col. Hopestill Hall, Brig. Gen. Hatch, Brig. Gen. Stephen 
Badlam and many other distinguished citizens of the town, officers and soldiers 
of the early Indian wars, French and Indian war, and the Revolution. 

South Burying Ground, on Washington Street, near Lower Mills, was es- 
tablished in 1814. 

Norfolk Street Burying Ground was established in 1848, the land having 
been donated by Rev. John Codnian, D. D., whose remains were removed to this 
ground the same year. 

Cedar Grove Cemetery, on Milton, Adams and Granite Streets, contains 
thirty-eight acres and borders on the Neponset River. The landscape plan was 
adopted in laying out the ground, and all natural features of the original pur- 
chase were retained. Several societies have large lots with artistic monuments. 
The cemetery is controlled by a board of trustees chosen by the proprietors. 



SOUTH BOSTON. 



Part of Dorchester until 1804, when it was annexed to Boston, at that time 
having but ten families in the peninsula. 

Thomas Park, on the hill known as Dorchester Heights, was laid out as a 
public park by the city. On this ground a granite monument was erected some 
years ago to commemorate the patriots who constructed earthworks, and placed 
cannon here that compelled the British troops to evacuate Boston. 

Hawes Burying Ground, established 1816, has an area of 16,800 square 
feet of land and adjoins Union Burying Ground, which is a private cemetery. 

St. Augustine's Cemetery consecrated 1818. In 1833, the chapel was 
built and a number of tombs built in the crypt. Owned by Roman Catholics. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 67 

Perkins Institute and Massachusetts School for the Blind. The 

buildings stand on Dorcliester Heights and are conspicuous landmarlvs seen for 
miles from the land and sea. The institution was named in memory of Col. 
Thomas H. Perkins, its chief benefactor. Dr. Samuel G. Howe was connected 
with the institution for many years." The state appropriates $30,000 annually 
towards its maintenance, and the funds from other income are about $15,000. 

Carney Hospital on Old Harbor Street, founded 1865 by Andrew Carney, 
a wealthy merchant of Boston. In charge of Sisters of Charity. 

A large number of machine shops, boiler works, rolling mills, wood planing 
mills, and a large plant for the construction of iron and steel vessels are located 
in this d-Strict. 

A foundry for the construction of large naval guns, employing many skilled 
workmen during the war 1861-65, is also here, and is now engaged in furnishing 
the government with large castings for the large disappearing gun carriages for 
the forts. 

On the water front of the harbor and Fort Channel, large docks and ware- 
houses have been constructed, and the railroad companies have secured a large 
area for their freight terminals. 



BRIGHTON. 



Settled as Little Cambridge, 1635; became ;t parish 1779; a town, 1807; 
annexed to Boston, 1874. Chestnut Hill Reservoir and Reservation on the 
border of Brighton and Brookline and Newton is connected with the park system 
of Boston by Commonwealth Avenue and Beacon Street. The old mill dam 
(Beacon Street) was the roadway between Charles River and Back Bay, and was 
the road to Brookline and Brighton, and tolls were charged. 

Evergreen Cemetery, near Chestnut Hill Reservoir, established 1850, con- 
tains sixteen acres. On this ground stands the soldiers' monument erected by 
the town in memory of her soldiers who died in 1861-65. 



EAST BOSTON. 



Noddle's Island was fortified by Samuel Maverick before 1630, and again 
fortified in 1776 ; also in 1814. In 1833 but one family resided on the island. 
Maverick Church founded 1836. and church building erected 1844-45. From 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 69 

1836 the Eastern Railroad and Cunard Line of English steamers located here. 
The Maverick House, a large hotel, was erected, and the largest shipyards built 
some of the finest clipper ships in the world. Donald McKay built the Great 
Republic. The Atlantic Works build or repair iron or steel ships. The Leyland 
Line steamers are each five hundred and twenty feet long and 16,000 tons capacity. 

The Commonwealth, by right of eminent domain, has taken 4,312,500 square 
feet of flats, 3,000,000 square feet of these flats being owned by the East Boston 
Company. This company have over 37,000,000 square feet, or more than eight 
hundred and fifty acres, within two ni'les of City Hall, being practically all the 
land filled and unfilled in what was formerly Noddle's Island. 

East Boston Tunnel. The tunnel will be an arched structure for two 
electric railway tracks. The portion under the harbor will be 20i^ feet high in- 
side, about 23 feet wide and 2,250 feet long, and have walls of 33 inches and 
upward in thickness. The tunnel on the East Boston side has grades from 4.7 
to 5 per cent, and at a point 250 feet southwesterly from the Harbor Commis- 
sioners' line is about 100 feet lower than in Maverick Square. A length of about 
1,350 feet in mid harbor is nearly level, and grades of 5 per cent occur on the 
Boston side. 

The foreign commerce of the port of Boston during 1900 amounted to 
$192,008,536; exports, $123,867,754; imports, $68,740,782; besides $10,226,099 
in-transit and transshipment trade passing through Boston. 

Wood Island Park has eighty acres of lawn, drives and planted ground, 
with a fine harbor view. 

Large docks, warehouses and machine shops are located on the water front. 



PARKS AND PARKWAYS IN BOSTON. 

Under the Supervision of Boston Park Commissioners. 



Charlesbank, along Charles River front, between Craigie and West 
Boston bridges. Broad promenade and playground, six hundred feet long, 
planted with hardy trees and shrubs. Commenced 1883; area, ten acres; cost 
$679,430.12. 

Commonwealth Avenue, Back Bay, taken 1894. Area thirty acres; cost 
$100,745.77. 

The Fens, Back Bay. Land taken 1879 ; area one hundred and fifteen 
acres, twenty-eight acres being water surface. Land and construction cost 
$2,638,896.66. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 71 

Riverway, from The Fens to Leverett Park. Land taken 1890; area forty 
acres, eight acres of river surface. Land and construction cost $1,042,687.89. 

Leverett Park, Roxbury. Land taken 1890-92 ; area seventy-five acres. 
Land and construction cost $631,570.75. A section of the parkway is between 
Tremont and Perkins Streets, sixty acres of the park are in Boston, fifteen acres 
in Brookline, Leverett Pond has twelve acres, Ward's Pond two and seven-tenths 
acres, Willow Pond and numerous small ponds, bridges and driveways. 

Jamaica Park, taken 1892. Land and construction cost $998,784.11 ; area 
one hundred and twenty acres, sixty-four and five-tenths acres of water. 

Arborway, West Roxbury. Land taken 1892. Land and construction 
cost $597,153,62 ; area thirty-six acres. 

Arnold Arboretum, West Roxbury. The largest and finest collection of 
trees in the world ; occupies the land formerly the Bussey estate, bequeathed to 
Harvard College by the late Benjamin Bussey. Land taken by the city 1882-95. 
Total cost of land and construction $349,089.86. Area two hundred and twenty- 
three acres. The Bussey Institute, a branch of Harvard College, was opened 1870, 
and two years later the Arboretum was established. It received its name from 
James Arnold of New Bedford, who bequeathed $100,000 for its establishment. 

West Roxbury Parkway. Land taken 1894. Land and construction 
cost $124,923.51 ; area one hundred and fifty acres. 

Franklin Park, West Roxbury. Land taken 1883-84. Cost of land and 
construction $3,506,510.65 ; area five hundred and twenty-seven acres ; has 
seven and four-tenths acres of water surface. One of the finest parks in the 
country ; laid out on the landscape plan without disturbing the original topog- 
raphy of the landscape. 

Dorcliesterway, Dorchester. Land taken 1883-84. Land and construc- 
tion cost $128,140.44. 

Strandway, Dorchester and South Boston. Land taken 1880-92-97. 
Land and construction cost $615,181 ; area forty-eight acres of land, two hundred 
and twelve acres of flats. 

Marine Park, South Boston. Land taken 1883. Land and construction 
cost $1,249,027.64 ; area thirty-four acres land, one hundred and fifty acres flats. 
Connected with Castle Island by a bridge. A pier 1,300 feet long extends out 
into the bay. A statue of Admiral Farragut, erected in 1893, stands on the park. 

Castle Island, taken 1890. Area twenty-one acres land ; eighty-three 
acres flats. Construction cost $31,934.35. The island belongs to the U. S. 
government and is held by the city by permission of the War Department, to 
be relinquished at any time the government may require. 

Wood Island Park, East Boston. Land taken 1882-91 . Land and con- 
struction cost $349,330.27 ; area forty-six acres of land, one hundred and sixty- 
five acres of flats. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 73 

Trinity Triangle. Land taken 1885. Land cost $30,000: area 5,410 
square feet. 

Ctiarlestown Heigtits. Land taken 1891. Land and construction cost 
$146,504.78; area four acres of land, six acres of flats. 

Ctiarlestown Playground, Land taken 1891. Land and construction 
cost $182,180.48; area fourteen acres of land, four acres of flats. 

Dorchester Park. Land taken 1891. Land and construction cost $67,- 
099.87 ; area twenty-six acres. 

Franklin Field. Land taken 1892. Land and construction cost $228,- 
154.75 ; area seventy-seven acres. 

Public Park, North End. Land taken 1893. Land and construction cost 
$604,810.08; area four acres of land, three acres of flats. 

Playstead, North Brighton. Land taken 1894. Land and construction 
cost $24,957.42 ; area fourteen acres. 

Playstead, Neponset. Land taken 1896. Land and construction cost 
$2,661.82 ; area eight acres. 

Billings Field. Land taken 1896. Land and construction cost $18.50; 
area eleven acres. 

First Street Playground. Land taken 1897. Construction cost $9,554.85; 
area four and six-tenths acres. 

Freeport Street Triangle. Land taken 1897. Land cost $4,000; area 
6,263 square feet. 

North End Playground. Land taken 1897. Land cost $99,228.95 ; area 
11,384 square feet. 

Mystic Playground. Land taken 1897. Land cost $50,000 ; area two and 
twenty-five-hundredths acres. 

Fellows Street Playground. Land taken 1897. Land and construction 
cost $15,000 ; area 36,955 square feet. 

Town Field, Dorchester. Land taken 1897. Land cost $37,500; area five 
and eight-tenths acres. 



BOSTON HARBOR 



In passing down the harbor the navy yard at Charlestown and the large 
English steamboats at East Boston docks are on the left. Mystic and Charles 
Rivers empty their waters into the harbor here. Fort Strong was built on Nod- 
dle's Island (East Boston), 1770. On the right South Boston with the large new 
docks, elevators and mammoth storehouses, with the Blind Asylum on the 
heights in the background. At the extreme point of the peninsula is Castle 




\^iM-jf' 






'I i '' 



1^ / ' ^'f M 







GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 75 

•Island with the gray granite walls of Fort Independence. The castle on 
this island was commenced in 1634, the commander killed by lightning July 16, 
1664; repaired and enlarged, 1696; rebuilt and named Fort William, 1705 ; the 
block house blown up by British, March 27, 1776 ; criminals confined there, 
F"eb. 1786; ceded to United States, Aug. 18, 1798; named Fort Independence, 
July, 31, 1799. On the left of the channel is Governor's Island, granted to Gov. 
Winthrop in 1632, and held by the family till 1798, when it was sold to the 
United States. Fort Winthrop was begun in 1808, and water batteries now run 
down to the shore. 

Apple Island is between Governor's Island and Winthrop, and was bought 
by the city of Boston in 1867. 

Thompson's Island on the right, beyond Castle Island, is the farm school 
founded in 1814 and removed to the island in 1835. In 1626 it was an Indian 
trading post, and was afterwards used by the colonists as a pasturage for cattle. 

Spectacle Island is now occupied by a factory for making fertilizers, etc. 

Deer Island is on the left of the channel with city institutions. House of 
Industry, House of Reformation for Girls, Truant School, etc. Here were 
captives several hundred Indian prisoners in 1676. A light is on the headland. 

Long Island, occupied by Massachusetts Volunteers previous to their de- 
parture to the front, 1861-62, is now used as a home for the city's poor. On the 
bluff is the well-known Long Island Tight, and the United States government 
is erecting a strong battery of modern guns for the defense of Broad Sound. 
A heavy sea wall was built here several years ago, 

Gallop's Island, just below Long Island. Here are located the hospital 
buildings of the quarantine station. 

Lovell's Island is the wharf and storage for the United States lighthouse 
service. 

Nix's Mate beyond was Bird Island and contained twelve acres in 1636. 
Pirates were gibbetted here in 1724, and also a burial place for pirates in 1798. 
The selectmen of Boston attempted to protect the land from the inroads of the 
sea in 1818, but the land disappeared at low water in 1825. A stone monument 
is now built upon the rocks, with a light. 

Rainsford Island is occupied by the city almhouse and has a number of 
large buildings. 

Fort Warren, built on George's Island, (sold to U. S. 1846) ; fort com- 
menced 1833 ; works completed 1850 ; garrisoned by Massachusetts militia, 1861- 
65; rebel prisoners confined 1862; walls greatly strengthened and enlarged and 
heavy breech-loading guns, with disappearing carriages, mounted 1898. 

The Great Brewster was bought by the city of Boston in 1848, for $4,000 
Boston Light, built in 1783; Bug Light, built 1856. Middle Brewster, Outer 
Brewster and Shag or Egg Rocks are the islands on the ocean front. 



'6 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



Minot's Ledge sold to United States 1847 ; lighthouse destroyed by storm 
April 16, 1851 ; new lighthouse completed Nov. 16, 1860. 

The harbor was closed as a port of entry by the British, May 10, 1774: 
blockaded in the embargo excitement, Jan. 23, 1809; ice cut for the English 
steamer by John Hill, Feb. 5, 1844; great improvements begun by United States 
government, 1860. 



MAYORS OF THE CITY OF BOSTON, 

From 1822 to the Present Time* 



Name. 
John Phillips, 
Josiah Quincy, 
Harrison Gray Otis, 
Charles Wells, 
Theodore Lyman, Jr., 

Samuel T. Armstrong, 

Samuel A Elliot, 
Jonathan Chapman, 
Martin Brimmer, 

Thomas A. Davis, 

Josiah Quincy, Jr., 
John P. Bigelow, 
Benjamin Seaver, 

Jerome V. C. Smith, 

Alexander H. Rice, 
Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., 
Joseph M. Wightman, 
Frederic W. Lincoln, 
Otis Norcross, 
Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, 

Willram Gaston, 

Henry L. Pierce. 
Samuel C. Cobb, 



Place and Date of Birth. 

Boston, Nov. 26, 1770. 

Boston, Feb. 4, 1772. 

Boston, Oct. 8. 1765. 

Boston, Dec. 30, 1786. 

Boston, Feb. 19, 1792. 
^ Dorchester, 
\ April 29, 1784. 

Boston, March 5, 1798. 

Boston, Jan. 23, 1807. 

Roxbury, June 8, 1793. 
( Brookline, 
\ Dec. 11, 1798. 

Boston, Jan. 17, 1802. 
iGroton, Aug. 25,1797. 

Roxbury, April 12, 1795. 
^ Conway, N. H., 
I July 20, 1800. 

Newton, Aug. 30, 1818. 

Boston, Feb. 27, 1817. 

Boston, Oct. 19, 1812. 

See above. 

Boston, Nov. 2, 1811. 

Boston, June 29, 1810. 
^ Killingly, Conn., 
•) Oct. 3, 1820. 

Stoughton, Mass., 

Aug."23, 1825. 

Taunton, May 22, 1826. 



Died. 


Term of Service, 


May 29, 1823, 


1822 — 1 


July 1, 1864, 


1823-28—6 


Oct. 28, 1848. 


1829-31—3 


June 8, 1866. 


1832-33—2 


July 17, 1849. 


1834-35—2 


Mar. 26, 1850. 


1836 — 1 


Jan. 29, 1862. 


1837-39—3 


May 25, 1848. 


1840-42—3 


April 25, 1847. 


1843-44—2 


Nov. 22, 1845. 


1845 — 1 


Nov. 2, 1882. 


1846-48—3 


July 4, 1872. 


1849-51—3 


Feb. 14, 1856. 


1852-53—2 


Aug. 20, 1879. 


1854-55—2 


July 22, 1895. 


1856-57—2 


Sept. 13, 1898. 


1858-60—3 


Jan. 25, 1885. 


1861-62—2 


See above. 


1863 66—4 


Sept. 5, 1882. 


1867 — 1 


Oct. 17, 1874. 


1868-70—3 


Jan. 19, 1894 


1871-72—2 


Dec. 17, 1896. 


1873 — 1 


Feb. 18, 1891. 


1874 :6— 3 



GUIDE TO MKTROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



77 



Name. 
Frederick O. Prince, 
Henry L. Pierce, 
Frederick O. Prince, 
Samuel A. Green, 

Albert Palmer, 

Augustus P. Martin, 

Hugh O'Brien, 

Thomas N. Hart, 

Nathan Matthews, Jr., 
Edwin U. Curtis, 
Josiah Quincy, 
Thomas N. Hart, 



Place and Date of Birth. 
Boston, Jan. 18, 1818. 
See above. 
See above. 

Groton, March 16, 1830. 
Candia, N. H., 
Jan. 17, 1831. 
j Abbot, Me., 
I Nov. 23, 1835. 

Ireland, July 13, 1827. 
j North Reading, 
I Jan. 20, 1829. 

Boston, March 28, 1854. 

Roxbury, March 26, 1861. 

Quincy, Oct. 15, 1859. 

See above. 



See above. 



Term of Service. 

1877 — 1 

1878 —1 
1879-81—3 
1882 —1 



May 21, 1887. 1883 —1 

1884 —1 

Aug. 1, 1895. 1885-88—4 

1889-90—1 



1891-94—4 
1895- — 1 
1896-99—4 
1900-02—2 



METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. 



" Greater Boston " comprises the city of Boston and a district within a radius 
of ten miles from the City Hall, with a population of 1,275,000 and a valuation 
of $2,100,000,000, Jan. 1, 1901. According to the United States census of 1900, 
Boston had a population of 560,892 ; Cambridge, 91,886 ; Lynn, 68,513 ; Somer- 
ville, 61,643; Chelsea, 34,072 ; Maiden, 33,664; Newton, 33,587 ; Waltham, 23,481 ; 
Quincy, 23,899 ; Everett, 24,336 ; Brookline, 19,935 ; Medford, 18,244; Woburn, 
14,254; Melrose, 12,962; Hyde Park, 13,244; Wakefield, 9,290; Watertown, 
9,706 ; Revere, 10,305 ; Arlington, 8,603 ; Dedham, 7,457 ; Stoneham. 6,197 ; 
Winchester, 7,248; Milton, 6,578; Saugus, 5,084; Winthrop, 6,058 ; Lexington, 
3,831; Swampscott, 4,548; Belmont, 3,929; making thirteen cities and fifteen 
towns with a population of 1,123,536. 

Its geographical area is two hundred and seventy-three and seven-hundredths 
square miles in these twenty-eight municipalities. 



METROPOLITAN PARK SYSTEM. 



Middlesex Fells Reservation. On Feb. 2, 1894, there were taken 1,583 
acres of land (by the Acts of 1893) : in the cities of Maiden, (61 acres) ; Medford, 
(362 acres) ; towns of Winchester, (287 acres) ; Stoneham, (668 acres) and Mel- 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 79 

rose, (205 acres) ; which with the v.'ater reservation in the vicinity of Spot Pond, 
and the Winchester Reservoirs completed the Middlesex Reservation of 3,022.43 
acres. There are in the reservation two well-marked north and south valleys. 
The eastern valley is marked by Spot Pond, Wright's Pond and Intervale Brook, 
and the western by the Winchester reservoir and Bowery Brook. Spot Pond has 
an elevation of one hundred and forty-eight feet above tide water and supplies 
three municipalities with water ; and the Winchester Reservoirs are a little higher. 
Pine Hill two hundred and forty feet high ; Silver Mine Hill, and Winthrop 
Hill culminates northward in Bear Hill three hundred and twenty feet high. 
The largest area of continuously high land is found in the southeastern part of 
the Fells, an area of nearly a square mile, rising above the two hundred feet con- 
tour and culminating in Cairn Hill three hundred feet high. 

The early name of this region was " The Rocks " and afterward until a re- 
cent period "The Five Mile Woods." In 1634 Governor Craddock was granted 
lands. His property of about 3,500 acres included a large share of the south- 
ern part of the Fells. Great quantities of timber cut in this locality were trans- 
ported to Medford to be used in the construction of ships on the banks of the 
Mystic Riyer, the first ship was constructed in the colony, when the Blessing of 
the Bay was launched, and here also Governor Craddock's agents began the con- 
struction of vessels as early as 1634. 

^ Blue Hills Reservation. On Dec. 29, 1893, the eastern and east middle 
sections of the reservation were taken by the commission, followed on Jan. 5, 
1894, by the taking of the west middle sections, the reservation having an area in 
the city of Quincy of 2,530 acres ; the towns of Milton 1,314 acres and Canton 109 
acres, thereby completing the Blue Hills Reservation, with an area of 3,953 acres. 

A gift of six hundred and ninty-seven acres of woods and beautiful intervales 
south of Great Blue Hill, and almost surrounded by Ponkapoag Pond, was received 
under the will of the late Henry L. Pierce. This estate at Ponkapoag village, is 
partly in Canton and partly in Randolph. The homestead with one hundred and 
fifty-seven acres of land is subject to life estates ; the remainder, consisting of 
five hundred and forty acres of woodland and meadow, is immediately available 
for park purposes. The highest point of land of the Great Blue Hill is six hun- 
dred and thirty-five feet above tide water; the range of hills is the most promi- 
nent topographical feature of eastern Massachusetts, and of the entire seacoast 
from New Hampshire line to Florida. On the summit of the hill is a private 
meteorological station which was established in 1885 and since maintained by 
A. Lawrence Rotch. 

Stony Brook Woods. On April 30, 1894, the first takings were made for 
this reservation, including a portion of the West Roxbury Parkway; finally on 
Sept. 6, the last takings were made, making a total of two hundred and eighty- 
five acres in Hyde Park, and one hundred and ninety acres in West Roxbury 
four hundred and seventy-five acres in all. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 81 

This reservation was connected with the Boston Park System by both com- 
missions taking at the same time land for a parkway, extending from the 
Arnold Arboretum to the Stony Brook Woods Reservation by the way of 
Bellevue Hill. These two takings made Oct. 18, 1894, included an area of one 
hundred and fifty-six acres of that portion of the parkway between Weld Street 
and Washington Street, being the Bellevue Hill section of the Metropolitan 
Commission. The section from Weld Street to the Arnold Arboretum was 
taken by the Boston Park Commission. 

Bellevue Hill rises three hundred and forty-seven feet above tide water and 
is the highest point of land in Boston. In the centre of the reservation directly 
south of Bellevue Hill is Turtle Pond, from which Stony Brook flows south 
and southeast through a wilderness. Turtle Pond is one hundred and thirty feet 
above tide water, while the rocky hills rising abruptly around the basin have 
heights ranging from a little less than two hundred feet in the Perch, two hundred 
and twenty-two feet in the Overbrook Hill, two hundred and forty-four feet in 
Milkweed Hill and two hundred and fifty-six feet in Bearberry Hill. 

Beaver Brook. Famous in song and story for its beautiful scenery, with 
ponds and silver pools, miniature rapids and water falls, its banks covered with 
wild plants and hardy flowering shrubs, its waters winding through the forest, 
appearing here and there in the openings, giving an ever changing landscape. 
"On Jan. 27, 1631-32, the governor (Winthrop) and some company with him 
went up the Charles River about eight miles above Watertown. They named the 
first brook on the north side of the river, Beaver Brook, because the beaver had 
shorn down divers great trees there, and made divers dams across the brook." 

Revere Beach Reservation comprises all of Revere Beach and land in 
Winthrop, containing a total of 66.19 acres. The taking of this beautiful 
beach, ensures the keeping of all objectionable features from the ocean front, 
and the construction of a wide parkway along the rear of the beach for a number 
of miles ; the whole subject to restrictions. 

Lowell Memorial Park. A field in Cambridge at the rear of " Elmwood," 
bought as a memorial to James Russell Lowell ; has been transferred to the care 
of the Metropolitan Park Commission, one-third of the purchase money having 
been paid by the Commonwealth and the remaining two-thirds by popular sub- 
scription. The track contains 140,000 square feet of land. 

Mystic Valley Parkway. The town of Winchester and the city of 
Boston purchased lands near the Winchester Station, where the parkway was 
laid out. This land has been transferred to the Metropolitan Park Commission, 
and the Metropolitan Water Board has now succeeded the city of Boston as the 
owner of the Mystic Water System, comprising part of the Abbajona River, the 
Upper Mystic Lakes and adjacent lands. These lands and waters will be used 
as a part of the Mystic Valley Parkway. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 83 

Neponset River Parkway. It is designed to connect the Blue Hills with 
the Stony Brook Woods Reservation, and thence by the West Roxbury Park- 
way with the Boston Park System at the Arnold Arboretum. The first section 
of this connection was acquired in 1898, and extends from Mother Brook at the 
southerly end of the Stony Brook Woods Reservation to Hyde Park Avenue in 
Readville, a part of Hyde Park. Lands for the second section of the parkway 
up the banks of the Neponset River to Paul's Bridge were acquired in 1898. 

Charles River Reservation. A frontage of nineteen miles has been 
secured between Newton Upper Falls and Uedham, comprising 555.56 acres, and 
other sections along the river banks will soon be secured. 

Middlesex Fells Parkway. P'rom Broadway, Somerville, to Beaver Dam 
and Pine Hill, Middlesex Fells. Reservation four miles long. 

The area of all the reservations taken to Jan. 1, 1899, comprises Blue Hills, 
4,777.84 acres; Middlesex Fells, 3,022.43 acres, (including 1,200 acres of holdings 
of water boards, under the care and control of the commission) ; Stony Brook 
Woods, 460.64 acres ; Charles River, 555.26 acres ; Beaver Brook, 58.08 ; Hemlock 
Gorge (Charles River), 24.46 acres ; Revere Beach, 66.19 acres ; King's Beach, 
3.01 acres ; West Roxbury Parkway, 156 acres, making a grand total of 7,904.81 
acres. 

Revere Beach Parkway. Lands were taken for this parkway in 1897 from 
Charles Eliot circle, at the southern end of Revere Beach to the junction of 
Winthrop and Campbell avenues in Revere. During the year 1898 the re- 
m.aining lands were taken for its entire length. The parkway extends from 
Revere Beach over the lowlands near the southern boundary of Revere, up a 
tidal creek known as Snake Creek, which divides Revere from Chelsea, thence 
over the northwesterly shoulder of Powder Horn Hill in Chelsea to the Everett 
line, thence down into the lowlands near the junction of the main line and 
Saugus branch of the Eastern Division of the Boston & Maine Railroad, thence 
over the Saugus Branch to the marshes beyond, thence across the Maiden River 
and Wellington marshes in Medford to the southerly base of Wellington Hill, 
where it joins the Middlesex Fells Parkway at a point opposite the junction of 
the Mystic River Reservation with the Fellsway. 

By this triple junction all the principal reservations and parkways of the 
Metropolitan System north of Boston are connected. 

The Revere Beach Parkway is 5.24 miles long, of which .482 mile is in 
the city of Medford, 1.653 miles in the city of Everett, .814 mile in the city of 
Chelsea, and 2.291 miles in the town of Revere. 

Nantasket Beach Reservation. By an act of the Legislature, the com- 
mission was authorized to take a portion of Nantasket Beach in the town of 
Hull, not exceeding five thousand six hundred feet in length and adjacent lands, 
water and rights, therein including Strait's Pond. 



84 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

A tract five thousand five hundred feet in length, extending from Atlantic 
Hill, going north between the county roads and the water, and all the buildings, 
lands on the other side of the roads, wharf and railroad station have been 
taken. On the beach it is proposed to lease the Nantasket Hotel and to utilize 
other buildings. The steamboat wharf and railroad station will be used for busi- 
ness purposes. The beach front is a little over a mile long. 

Neponset River Reservation. The river enters the Metropolitan District 
between Canton and Dedham through the wide-spreading tract of lowland 
known as the Fowle Meadows. From Paul's Bridge to Green Lodge Street 
these meadows have been included in the takings made along the river. 

Near the mouth of the river, below Milton Lower Mills Falls, are the Nepon- 
set marshes, lying partly in Milton and partly in Boston. All the marshes and 
several small pieces of upland lying between Milton Lower Falls and Granite 
Avenue have been taken. Takings have been made along the river banks from 
the Hyde Park Water Company's works to Milton Lower Mills. The Neponset 
River Reservation contains 920.01 acres, of which 7.40 acres are in Westwood, 
234.70 acres in Dedham, 265.41 acres in Canton, 261.71 acres in Milton, 69.43 
acres in Hyde Park, and 81.36 acres in Boston. The distance from Green Lodge 
Street, Canton, to Granite Avenue, Milton, along the river is ten miles. 



METROPOLITAN WATER. 



The Met opolitan Water Board was established under the provisions of 
Chapter 488 of the acts of the year 1895. Under this act, it is the duty of the 
board to construct, maintain and operate a system of water works, in accord- 
ance with plans and recommendations submitted by the State Board of Health 
in that year, and the board was to supply a sufficient supply of pure water for 
the cities of Boston, Chelsea, Everett, Maiden, Medford, Newtons and Somer- 
ville, and the towns of Belmont, Hyde Park, Melrose, Revere, Watertown and 
Winthrop. The act further requires that other cities and towns, any part of 
which are within ten miles of the State House, shall be admitted into the 
Metropolitan Water District on such payment of money as the board shall de- 
termine, and also provide to supply water to companies using pipes and water 
systems in towns within said ten miles, and for permitting the board to furnish 
water to still other cities and towns and water companies. 

The Legislature authorized the issue of bonds to the extent of $27,000,000, 
the proceeds to be applied to carrying out the purposes of the act. 

The great features of the scheme were the construction of a dam and stor- 
age reservoir upon the south branch of the Nashua River, the taking of the 
waters of that river and diverting them into the Sudbury System of the city of 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 85 

Boston, and the making of the waters of the south branch of the Nashua Uiver, 
in connection with the waters of the Cochituate and Sudbury Systems belong- 
ing to the city of Boston, available for the whole Metropolitan District as their 
future water supply. 

The entire water works for the supply and storage of water for the city of 
Boston, west of the Chestnut Hill Reservoir and Spot Pond and the lands im- 
mediately surrounding the pond, were taken by the board the first day of Janu- 
ary, 1898, and the board began supplying water to the city of Boston and several 
other cities and towns in the Metropolitan Water District. The Sudbury 
Reservoir when completed will, with the completion of the Wachusett Reser- 
voir, be by far the largest storage reservoir in New England ; will have an area 
of about two square miles, an average depth of nineteen feet, and will have a 
storage capacity of about 7,500,000,000 gallons. 

Chestnut Hill Bumping Station, when all the additions are made, the 
maximum daily capacity of the engines will be 70,000,000 gallons for the high 
service and 105,000,000 gallons for the low service. 

The construction of the Wachusett Dam at Clinton, and of the Wachu- 
sett Reservoir, will afford a storage capacity surpassed in the, world by only the 
Periyar Reservoir in India. 

The board in anticipation of the takings to be made of the works of Boston, 
deemed it advisable to change in some respects the designations which had been 
applied to the various dams, reservoirs and aqueducts, not only of those built by 
the city of Boston, but of those in process of construction by the board. The 
names of the reservoirs are given as follows : 

Wachusett Reservoir. The reservoir, building upon the south branch ot 
the Nashua River, called hitherto the Nashua Reservoir in Clinton, Boylston, 
West Boylston and Sterling. 

Sudbury Reservoir. The reservoir begun by the city of Boston in South- 
borough and Marlborough, hitherto known as Reservoir No. 5. 

Framingliam Reservoir No. 1. The Boston Sudbury System, hitherto 
known as Basin No. 1, Framingham. 

Framingliam Reservoir No. 2. The reservoir in Framingham and Ash- 
land, hitherto known as Basin No. 2. 

Framingham Reservoir No. 3. The reservoir in Framingham, hitherto 
known as Basin No. 8. 

Ashland Reservoir. The reservoi ■ in Ashland, hitherto known as Basin 
No. 4. 

Hoplcinton Reservoir. The reservoir in Hopkinton and Ashland, hitherto 
known as Basin No. 6. 

Whitehall Reservoir. The reservoir in Hopkinton, hitherto knowji as 
Whitehall Pond. 



86 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

The Cochituate Lake. 

The Chestnut Hill Reservoir. 

Spot Pond. 



METROPOLITAN SEWERS. 



The Board of Metropolitan Sewerage Commissioners was created by 
Cliapter 439, Acts of 1889, and we present a short description and review of the 
work accomplished by the board since its organization. 

The opening of the Neponset Valley System in 1898, marks the completion 
of the third large system of Metropolitan sewers now completed and operated by 
the Commonwealth, and together with the Charles River and North Metropolitan 
Systems, affords relief for twenty-two cities and towns of the Metropolitan district. 

These three systems, traversing the valleys of the Neponset, Charles and 
Mystic Rivers, discharge directly or indirectly with tide water, the Neponset 
Valley and Charles River Systems through the Boston main drainage at Moon 
Island and the North Metropolitan System through its output into deep tidal 
currents off Deer Island. The work of constructing these systems was entered 
upon in 1890, soon after the organization of the board, and has progressed 
steadily until its practical completion in the early part of 1898. The Charles 
River System, completed first, was built practically as outlined by the State 
IJoard of Health in its report on drainage of the Charles and Mystic Rivers 
( 1889) and sewers with the exception of the cities of Cambridge and Somerville, 
all the cities and towns in the Charles River valley from Waltham to and in- 
cluding part of the Back Bay district of the city of Boston. The length of this 
system is 8.098 miles. Its course beginning at Waltham, runs in general parallel 
to and close by the banks of the Charles River, discharging into the Boston im- 
proved sewerage at a point in Huntington Avenue opposite Gainsborough Street. 
Surveys were made in the fall of 1890, and ground was broken for construction 
in the spring of 1891, and the system was completed in the spring of 1892. 

The North Metropolitan System serves the cities and towns of the Metro- 
politan district, situated in the valley of the Mystic River and so much of 
Charles River valley as lies north of the Charles River and its tributaries, and 
has a total length of 49.626 miles, necessitating the operation of four pumping 
plants, one at North Somerville, one at Charlestown, another at East Boston, 
and one at Deer Island, near the outfall. The main line begining at Stoneham, 
traverses the valleys of the Maiden and Mystic Rivers, is joined by four separate 
branches, and continues through East Boston and Winthrop to the outfall off 
the easterly end of Deer Island. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 0( 

The North Metropolitan System, with the exception of the extensions, 
Wakefield, Stoneham, .Lexington, Maiden and Everett branches (which are now 
nearly completed) was completed and in operation early in 1896. In the same 
year work was begun upon the Neponset Valley System, the last of the systems 
constructed by the board. This system serves a district including six cities and 
towns situated in the Neponset and (Charles River valleys, and is near the 
Charles River, Mother Brook and Neponset River from Newton and Brookline 
at its upper end to a point in Central Avenue, Dorchester, discharging into the 
Dorchester interception of the Boston main drainage works near Granite Bridge. 
The system was practically completed and put into operation during the year 
1898, and has a total length of 11.30 miles. The entire cost of the systems thus 
far constructed, including land damages, is as follows : 

North Metropolitan System .... $5,116,695.63 

Charles River System 789,134.27 

Neponset Valley System .... 821,602.32 

Making the total expenditures to date of . . $6,727,432.22 
The Legislature appropriated $30,000 in 1898, to carry forward the investi- 
gation upon the proposed high level sewer for the relief of the Charles River and 
Neponset valleys, and the work is still in progress. 



STATE HIGHWAYS. 



The Commonwealth of Massachusetts since 1893, has undertaken to con- 
struct tirst-class highways throughout the state, under certain conditions. The 
number of miles of road completed to the present time is two hundred and six 
miles, and one hundred and sixty-two miles have been accepted by the commis- 
sion. No formal acceptance of a road is made until it has been in actual use by 
the public for three months from the date of the declaration of the engineer in 
charge of the division in which the road is located, then the highway is com- 
pleted. 



RAILROADS. 



Boston & Maine Railroad, largest railway system in New England, owns 
leases and operates 1,210.03 miles of road. The Western Division is the original 
Boston & Maine Railroad, formed in 1842, and its connections. The Eastern 
Division, the old Eastern Railroad, chartered in 1836, and its connections. The 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 89 

Northern Division, the Boston & Lowell and Concord Railroad, and its system 
in northern New England, connecting with Canada and the West. The original 
Boston & Lowell Railroad chartered in 1830, and opened in 1835. Terminal 
facilities on the Mystic River front in Charlestown with large docks and grain 
elevator. 

Boston 6t Fitchburg Railroad, chartered 1842, opened 1845, total length 
of lines owned, leased and operated by the company four hundred and thirty-six 
miles. The Hoosac Tunnel, acquired from the state in 1887. Northern points 
in Canada reached through leased roads. Boston freight terminal at deep water, 
at docks in Charlestown. Leased to R. & M. if Legislature of 1900 approves. 

Boston & Albany Railroad. Successor of the Boston & Worcester rail- 
ways, chartered in 1831. Opened to Newton 1834; completed to Worcester 
1835; and the Western from Worcester to the New York line completed in 1841. 
Total length of line now owned, leased and operated 375.70 miles. The corpo- 
ration owns and operates the Grand Junction Railroad, making deep water con- 
nections at East Boston, where are extensive wharves and grain elevators. By 
vote of the directors this road was leased to the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. 
Nov. 8, 1!)00. 

Old Colony Division, N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R., chartered 1844; the original 
line between Boston and Plymouth, and is now the second largest railway system 
in New England. It covers the southeastern section of Massachusetts ; and the 
western part of the state through leased lines ; Rhode Island and Connecticut 
through the Providence Division, (The old Boston & Providence R. R. chartered 
in 1831), and New York, by the all-rail Shore Line, and the Fall River, Provi- 
dence and Stonington Sound steamboat lines. The system includes five hundred 
and seventy-seven miles of railroad. In 1893, the entire road was leaser! to the 
N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. Company. 

New York and New England Railroad. Organized 1873, successor of 
the Boston, Hartford & Erie Railroad, organized 1863. The total length of leased 
and operated lines is about six hundred miles. The system has been leased to 
the N. Y., No H. & H. R. R. Company, and the depot corner of Summer and 
Federal Streets has been removed and the site is now occupied by the great 
Southern Terminal Station. 

Electric Railways have been constructed throughout the eastern part of 
Massachusetts from New Hampshire line to Buzzards Bay and beyond Worcester. 

In Boston all lines have been consolidated under the name of Boston Ele- 
vated Railway Company. This line has leased the subway for twenty years and 
has constructed heavy elevated tracks from .Sullivan Square, Charlestown, to 
the subway on Causeway Street, and from the entrance of the subway at 
Pleasant Street to th«^. Elevated Railway terminal station, Dudley Street, 
Roxbury. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 91 

The Charlestovvn terminal station at Sullivan Square is a large steel-frame 
structure, with front of brick and stone. 

The City Square elevated station is a steel-frame structure covered with 
copper. From this station the line runs over the substantial new bridge 
across the Charles River to the entrance of the subway on Causeway Street, 
opposite the Union Station, and along Atlantic Avenue to the terminal station 
and thence to Dudley Street terminal. 

On leaving the subway at Pleasant Street the line continues to the southern 
terminal of the elevated road, the large station on Dudley Street, Roxbury. 



NORTH SHORE. 



Winthrop. Incorporated March 27, 1852, a peninsula with about eight 
miles of beach. The Deane Winthrop house is the oldest in the town. The 
government has built a powerful mortar battery on the heights commanding the 
shore and the northern approach to Boston harbor. A battery of heavy guns 
will be mounted on Grover's Cliff, below the mortar battery. 

The vicinity of the ocean shore is crowded with summer cottages, and the 
center of the town has been built up and is occupied by permanent residents. 

Reached by the Winthrop branch of the Revere Beach and Lynn Railway. 

Revere. Incorporated March 24, 1871, as North Chelsea; name changed 
to Revere, April 3, 1871. Revere is famous for its beautiful beach, which is 
several miles long, lying between Winthrop and Nahant, the Point of Pines being 
the northern termination of the beach. The Metropolitan Park Commission 
have taken the entire shore from Grover's Cliff to the Point of Pines, removing 
all objectionable objects and clearing off the beach. A beautiful, broad park- 
way has been constructed some distance from high water mark, and follows the 
line of the entire ocean front. 

The handsome new Town Hall, old Yeamen's House, and the ancient Pratt 
house are objects of interest. 

Reached by the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railway, which runs along 
the edge of the beach. 

Nahant. Settled in 1(337; incorporated May 29, 1853; a select watering 
place. Agassiz, Prescott, Wendell Phillips, Eliot, Longfellow, Henry Cabot 
Lodge and others of note have frequented this beautiful summer resort. 

Egg Rock is eighty-six feet above sea level. Long Beach is a fine beach to 
Lynn. Pulpit Rock and Natural Bridge are objects of interest. 

A rocky promontory, the oldest watering place on the north shore, Bass 
Point, is the southwestern point of the peninsula. 



92 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

Lynn. Settled in 1637, now a city of 55,000 inhabitants ; site of the first 
iron works in the United States, at Saugus ; Moll Pitcher dwelt near High 
Rock. The oldest burying ground and the Quaker burying ground are objects 
of great interest. The large City Hall is near Lynn Common, where the beautiful 
soldiers' monument stands, erected in memory of the soldiers who died in 1861-65. 
Pine Grove Cemetery is the modern ground of the city, and is kept in excellent 
order. The old Hathorne house is now used for the Lynn Hospital. 

Swampscott. Settled in 1637; incorporated 1852. King's Beach and 
Whale's Beach are reached by the road which runs from Ocean Street. A favorite 
summer resort. 

Marblehead. Settled in 1620 ; incorporated May 2, 1649 ; one of the old- 
est towns in New England. The principal vocation of the inhabitants since its 
first settlement has been as seamen in fishing vessels, privateers, and coasting 
vessels. Over 1,200 men served in the army and navy in the Revolutionary war. 
The greatest object of interest is the old burying ground on the hill, where the 
first settlers are buried. Brig. Gen. John Glover, one of the bravest and most 
distinguished officers of the Revolution, who died in 1797, is buried here. Capt. 
James Mugford, who fought with one small vessel, a large British fleet, was 
killed during the fight and buried here. He died May 19, 1776. James Dennis 
Hamm^ ' -^ne of the heroes of the frigate. Constitution, died 1849, also a large 
nuniu- ji soldiers a''"' sailors of the Revolution buried here. 

In CJrove Street „-ying ground. Col. Azor Orne was buried. 

Abbott Hall, built 1877 from a fund left by Benjamin Abbott. All the 
town offices and Public Library are in this building. 

St. Michael's Episcopal Church and small burying ground adjoining 
Church founded 1714. One of the early rectors. Rev. David Mosson, settled in 
Virginia. He performed the marriage ceremony between George Washington 
and the widow Custis. Nearly opposite the North Church, Elbridge Gerry, a 
signer of the Declaration of Independence, was born. He was governor of 
Massachusetts and vice President of the United States, and is buried in Wash- 
ington, D. C, where he died. 

On Front Street, old Tucker house, 1640 ; Glover Street, house of Col. 
Jonathan Glover; 169 Washington Street, mansion of Col. Jeremiah Lee, 1776; 
Old Powder House, 1755 ; Orne Street, site of Fountain Inn and Well ; old Town 
House, 1727; Orne house, Franklin and Washington Streets ; Old Fort Burying 
Hill; the Old Tavern; Col. William R. Lee, of the Revolution, lived in a house 
south of the Common ; Capt. James Mugford, who captured the British powder 
ship, and was afterwards killed, lived on the corner of Back and Mugford 
Streets; old Custom House; Fort Sewall ; The Old Brig, Orne Street corner of 
Pond Street; Parson Barnard's house, Franklin Street ; Castle Rock; Marble- 
head Neck ; Marblehead Light ; the Churn or Spouting Horn. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 93 

Salem, (Old Naumkeag) settled 1626 ; incorporated 1629. Noted in early 
nines for the persecution of witches, and Witch Hill, where these innocent peo- 
ple were executed, has a mournful interest. The gallows was erected on a por- 
tion of the hill still shown as the spot where nearly a score of men and women 
were hung. In the new brick Court House may be seen the witch documents 
containing the testimony against the accused and what evidence that could be given 
in their behalf by their friends. The witch pins are also in the court house. In 
the old County Jail, from 1763 to 1813, 4 Federal Street, beams from the old jail 
where the witches were confined may be seen. Salem also persecuted the 
Quakers. 

The port of Salem formerly had control of all the East India trade, and the 
wharves and warehouses held the products of the East before the goods were 
distributed to other ports. This trade was a source of great wealth to the town. 

Salem Willows, a narrow strip of land forming the northern boundary of 
Salem harbor, is a great resort for excursionists during the summer. 

The objects of interest : The Charter Street Burying Ground ; Broad Street 
Burying Ground; Roger Williams's house corner Essex and North Streets, 
(sometimes called the Witch House) 1635-36; house in which Lafayette and 
Washington were entertained, 138 Federal Street; Essex Institute, founded 
1848, 132 Essex Street, a large library and collection of paintings and. "-hits ap- 
pertaining to the history of Essex County. In the rear ^^nds the old biiilding 
of the Puritan meeting house, used by the first churc; .. a 1634 to 1670, and 
afterwards for a school and a tavern. It has a pointed roof and a small gallery, 
and a collection of curiosities. Peabody Academy of Science, 161 Essex Street. 
East Indian Marine Hall (built 1824) has an immense collection in Essex 
County natural history, East Indian, African, Japanese and other curiosities, 
with a full collection of relics relating to the maritime history of the ports of 
Essex County. Endowed by George Peabody in 1867, with $140,000. 

Plummer Hall, 134 Essex Street, is the site of W. H. Prescott's birthplace, 
occupied by the Athenaeum Library of 25,000 books. Timothy Pickering, a 
member of Washington's Cabinet, resided in the fine colonial house on Broad 
Street, near Cambridge Street, built 1649, and still held in the Pickering 
family. Nathaniel Bowditch was born in the house in the rear of 14 Brown Street. 
Gen. F. W. Lander lived at 5 Barton Square. The fine colonial mansion 365 
Essex Street was built in 1747 by Cabot. On the First Church is a tablet, 
showing the site of the First Provincial Congress in 1774. A monument com- 
memorates the affair of 1775, when Lieut. Col. Leslie and three hundred British 
troops were held up by the Salem Militia, the first actual resistance to the 
King's troops in America. A bronze tablet, corner of Washington and Lynda 
Streets, shows the place of the trials for witchcraft in 1792. Old Daland House 
1652; Hawthorn's birthplace, 27 Union Street; South Meeting House; Har- 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 95 

mony Grove Cemetery ; Stone Court House, Deeds and Probate. The armory 
of the Salem Cadets, organized 1785, 136 Essex Street, is on the site of Gov. 
Simon Bradstreet's house. The Public Library building, Essex and Monroe 
Streets, has 30,000 books and some paintings. Custom House, burnt in 1818. At 
34 Turner Street, stands " The House of the Seven Gables." The battle 
between the Chesapeake and Shannon was fought off Salem Shore. 

Beverly. Incorporated Oct. 14, 1G68; incorporated as a city March 23, 
1804. West Beach and Mingo Beach; Essex Bridge; Ferry, established 1636, 
Salem to Beverly ; Roger Conant House, 463 Cabot Street ; Parsonage, Rev. 
John Hale, 1690, his wife last person accused of witchcraft, 33 Hale Street. 
Rev. John Chipman's house, 634 Cabot Street, first minister of North Beverly, 
1715 ; First Parish Church, 1770, with Revere Bell and Ancient Clock, 217 Cabot 
Street, church incorporated 1667 ; Mansion of John Cabot, 1779, now Historical 
Society Building, 117 Cabot Street; Seth Norwood's house, built by George 
Cabot, 1783 ; Washington entertained her-?. Church and old burying ground, 
North Beverly; Historical Elm; Dr. O. W. Holmes's residence, Hale Street; 
Soldiers' Monument, junction of Abbott and Endicott Streets, thirty-six feet 
high, dedicated Oct. 13, 1882. The first cotton factory in the United States 
was erected at North Beverly. Beverly was originally a part of Salem. The 
fishing business was formerly the principal occupation of the people, but it 
is now an important shoe manufacturing city. Between Beverly and Gloucester 
are Pride's Crossing and Beverly Farms, and West Manchester, Manchester and 
Magnolia lie beyond. At Manchester-by-the-sea is the noted Singing Beach. 

Gloucester. Settled in 1633, and has always been the principal fishing 
port in the United States. Eastern Point, Bay View and Lanesville are easily 
reached by electric cars. Eastern Point forms the easterly boundary of 
Gloucester Harbor, and on the ocean side the Summer resorts, Bass Rocks and 
Good Harbor Beach, have a number of hotels and many cottages. 

Newburyport. Settled 1635; laid out as the " Port " 1642. Incorporated 
as Newburyport 1764. Previous to the Revolution the trade with the French 
West Indies was very profitable. 

Oldtown Burying Ground, 1643, site of First Oldtown Church ; The Noyes 
House, 1646, West India or Lovell's Lane; Spencer Pierce House; Garrison 
House, 1650, Little's Lane ; The Cofiin House, 1654 ; Tappan's House, 1670, 
on Tappan's Lane; The Pillsbury House, 1651; Emery's Tavern in 1812; 
The Belleville Burying Ground, 1684, site of Queen Anne's Chapel, 1712; 
St. Paul's Church, 1738-1800; Wolf Tavern, Davenport's Inn, 1722, corner of 
Fish (State Street) and Thread Needle Alley; Lord Timothy Dexter's House; 
Old South Church, 1746, with cenotaph to George Whitefield, and Whispering 
Gallery; The Arnold Tablet; The Old Elm, nearly two hundred years olrf; 
Oldtown Church, Carr's Island; First Ferry, 1648; Parker River Bridge' 



96 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

Newburyport sent seven hundred and seventeen enlisted men to the Revolu- 
tionary army. A large number of ships have been built in town for the mer- 
chant service and the navy. Church of First Religious Society, 1801 ; Marine 
Museum, State Street; Birthplace of William Lloyd Garrison; Atkinson Park; 
Fountain Park. 

The Newburyport Bridge. In 1826 a charter was obtained for this bridge. 
It crosses the Merrimack River from the foot of Summer Street to the Salis- 
bury Shore, and was finished in 1827 at a cost of $70,000 and opened on the 
first of September that year. Abutments with stone walls project from either 
shore. That on the Newburyport side is two hundred and forty and that 
on the Salisbury side one hundred and eighty-seven yards long. The bridge 
rests on three abutments and on four piers built of stone, and is further sup- 
ported by chains passing over the tops of pyramids erected on the piers and 
under the centres of the arches. The span of the centre arch is eighty-three 
yards. The bridge is built in two distinct longitudinal parts, so that, in case of 
accident to one, the passage of the river will not be interrupted. Whole length 
of bridge three-sevenths of a mile. This bridge was a toll bridge until 1868. 

The House occupied by Rev. George Whitefield where he died was on 
School Street. 

Essex Merrimack Bridge, connecting what was Newbury with Salisbury, is 
now within the limits of Newburyport. Completed July 4, IT.U. Was a toll 
bridge until 1868. 



SOUTH SHORE. 



Crow Point is reached by steamboats which run from Rowe's Wharf to 
Hull, Nantasket and Hingham. It is laid out as a summer resort, the cottages 
leased for the season or owned by the summer occupants. This locality was for 
many years a famous resort for picnic parties, clambakes, boating and fishing. 

Hull, stands at the end of the peninsula, which e.xtends north from the South 
Shore, forming a natural breakwater and protection to Boston Harbor. The 
little fort on the Hill was planned by Lafayette and many French troops were 
buried on the ocean-front base of the hill. Point Allerton presents a magnif- 
icent view. There are several large hotels and a large number of summer 
cottages. On the hill the U. S. Government have planned for the erection of 
heavy batteries to command the south channel of the harbor. 

Nantasket Beach is one of the most beautiful beaches in the world, 
sweeping the shore in one majestic curve for four miles. In fine weather the 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 97 

beach presents a lively sight with bathers, strolling parties and handsome car- 
riages driving along the smooth, hard sand. The taking of this superb beach 
was included in the original plan of the Metropolitan Park Commission, and the 
necessary steps have been taken to cause the beach and the adjoining land for 
some distance to be included in this years' takings for park reservations. 

Jerusalem Road, one of the famous roads in New England, may also be 
taken as a boulevard, thus providing an ocean reservation for the .South .Shore, 
similar to Revere Beach and Boulevard at the North .Shore. 

Hingham. Established Sept. 2, 1635 ; one of the oldest maritime towns in 
the state. On the hill stands the oldest church in use in New England, built in 
1681, and has a pyramidal roof and belfry. Maj. Gen. Benjamin Lincoln of the 
Continental army is buried in the old burying ground. John A. Andrew, the 
great war governor of the state, is also buried there. Also the home of John D. 
Long, ex-governor, congressman, and the present able secretary of the United 
States Navy. Strangers to the town will be greatly interested in the old man- 
sions with their gardens, and the beautiful drives through the vicinity, Jerusa- 
lem Road, Glad Tidings Plain, Queen Anne Corner, Liberty Plain, Assinippi, 
King Oak Hill and Old Spain. 

Cohasset was a part of Hingham, established as a town August 23, 1775. 
Is twenty miles from Boston by railroad, and may be reached from Nantasket by 
carriage over Jerusalem Road. It has a rocky ocean front, and off the shore is 
the famous Minot's Ledge lighthouse, a tower of heavy stone with a powerful 
light, built on the rock ; the site of the iron lighthouse which was destroyed with 
its keepers, by a great gale April 16, 1851. 

Scituate. Established Oct. 4, 1636; has a small harbor with bluffs and 
beaches. Near South Scituate is the estate, the original of the " Old Oaken 
Bucket." Samuel Wadsworth, the poet, lived here with his stepfather, whose 
name was Worthy, and in 1817 wrote the famous poem. The estate is now 
owned by one of the family. 

Marshfield, early Rexhame, but changed to Marshfield, March 1, 1642; a 
quiet shore town and a favorite resort for fishing, yachting and gunning. The 
summer home and farm of Daniel Webster, and where he died and was buried. 
The Brant Rock House is directly on the beach. 

Duxbury, Established June 7, 1637, as common land; one of the oldest 
towns of Plymouth Colony. Here was the home of John Alden, Elder William 
Brewster, Capt. Miles Standish and many other Pilgrims. On Captain's Hill 
stands a high, round, stone tower, erected as a memorial to Myles Standish, who 
lived close to the hill. 

Plymouth. Settled in 1620 by the Pilgrims who came in the Mayflower. 
One of the most interesting places to visit in New England. The Plymouth 
steamboat makes a round trip daily from Boston, passing out Boston Harbor, 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 99 

along the South Shore to Plymouth. Plymouth is also reached by the Old 
Colony Railroad at the South Union Station. 

Plymouth Rock and the original landing place are at the base of Cole's 
Hill, and a granite canopy stands over the rock. The upper part of the canopy 
contains the bones of many of the Pilgrims who died during the first winter and 
were buried at the base of this hill. In the war of the Revolution and the war of 
1812, fortifications were garrisoned on this hill. 

Court House. In this building are kept many valuable documents, the 
patent document and records of the Colony, the will of Myles Standish, etc. 

Pilgrim Hall. Within this building a large museum of Pilgrim inemo- 
rials and curiosities are kept. 

IJurial Hill. Here is the site of the ancient fort which served as a meeting 
house, and the Pilgrims attended fully armed and equipped for any sudden on- 
slaught from the savages. The ancient burial ground is kept in excellent condi- 
tion, and all around may be seen on the old slate tablets, familiar names of the 
Pilgrims. 

The National Monument to the Pilgrims was erected in 1888. The total 
height of the monument is eighty-one feet, designed by Hammatt Billings, 
and is one of the finest monuments in the world. 

Plymouth Beach forms the outer protection of the harbor, is more than 
three and a half miles long and Gurnet Light is about five miles from the rock. 

Plymouth Woods, a large tract of wild wood west of the town has deer 
and other animals that are seldom disturbed by the hunter. 



CITIES AND TOWNS IN THE VICINITY OF 

BOSTON, 



Chelsea. Ancient Indian name, Winnisimmet ; formerly a part of Boston 
called Romney Marsh. Incorporated as a town 1738 ; as a city, March 13, 1857. 
United States Naval Hospital, built 1827; the grounds contain an area of seven- 
ty-five acres laid out as a park, bordering on the Mystic River. On Powder 
Horn Hill, two hundred and twenty feet high, stands the Soldiers' Home, estab- 
lished by the state of Massachusetts, where three hundred and fifty to four hun- 
dred veterans of the civil war are maintained. The Fitz Public Library has a 
large number of books and pamphlets. 

Maiden. Originally a part of Charlestown ; incorporated as a town 1649; 
incorporated as a city June 19, 1881. Site of the Old Mill, 1(540; Sandy Bank 
Landing Place, 1649 ; Nowell grant, two hundred acres, 1634 ; Bell Rock, site 

LofC. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 100 

of first meeting house, 1649; site of Joseph Hill's house, 1(349; old parsonage, 
built 1724, birthplace of Adoniram Judson ; Dexter place; Washington Elm; 
Felsmere Park ; Pine Banks, one of the beautiful parks north of Boston ; First 
Baptist Church; Public Library, gift of E. S. Converse, 35,000 books ; V. M. C. 
A. building and High School. One of the most prosperous and progressive of 
Boston's suburbs. The Auditorium was built in 1900. 

Everett. Originally part of Maiden ; incorporated as a city 1892 ; Saga- 
more Hill in 1640 ; here lived Winepoyken and his Indians, 1635 ; site of house 
of John Greenland, 1640 ; Moulton's Island, site of house of Thomas Moulton, 
1640; site of Maverick's fortified house, 1625; Penny Ferry, 1640-1787; Van 
Voorhees mansion, 1804. Woodlawn Cemetery, incorporated 1850, contains one 
hundred and seventy-six acres. New England Oas and Coke Co. 

Melrose was part of Maiden ; incorporated as a town May 3, 1850; old Up- 
ham House, built 1703 ; house of Jonathan Lynde, about two hundred years old ; 
site of first church, 1818; site of first school, 1808; old Howard house, home of 
Jabez Lynde. 

Stonehatn was a part of Charlestown. Incorporated Dec. 17, 1725. 

Medford. Incorporated as a town in 1630; incorporated May 31, 1892 as a 
city ; site of first meeting house in Medford, built 1696 ; Craddock House, built 
1634; Wilson grant, two hundred acres, 1634; Ancient Burying Ground; Old 
Garrison House, Indian Monument, Jonathan Burt's house. Fountain House, 
Tufts College, Universalist, on College Hill, with park of one hundred acres ; 
the Royall Mansion, Medford street, built 1737; Col. Isaac Royall fled to 
British lines, 1775 ; it was the headquarters of Generals Stark, Lee and Sullivan. 
Craddock Bridge crosses the Mystic near Medford Square, on the line of Paul 
Revere's ride. In the town are the great distilleries for the manufacturing of 
rum. John Brooks, M. D., L. L. D., a Revolutionary soldier and governor of 
Massachusetts, was a native and resident of the town. 

Wakefield. Name changed from South Reading, June 30, 1868 ; Old Bury- 
ing Ground of First Parish Church, in close proximity to Lake Quannapowitt ; 
Crystal Lake; Castle Rock, two miles from the Centre, on way to Lynn. Ban- 
croft, Rev. Theodore Parker and Phillips Brooks were natives of the town. A 
beautiful park has been laid out with drives and handsome planting of trees and 
shrubbery. 

Arlington, name changed from West Cambridge, April 30, 1867. Public 
Library built 1892, cost $150,000; 16,000 books. Town hall. Granite monu- 
ment to two hundred and ninety-five soldiers of the town., who died in 1861-65. 

Woburn, at first settlement called Charlestown Village; settled 1630; 
incorporated 1642; incorporated as a city 1888. Site of first meetinghouse 
built 1646. Site of bell tower. Site of first school house. First burying 
ground. The home of Benjamin Thompson ( Count Rumford ) and the Loamm 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 101 

Bald>A'in mansion, both at North Woburn. The Winn Library, a handsome 
building, with a very valuable library, Revolutionary war rolls, art gallery, etc. 
Soldiers' Monument, 1861-65. Old Flag Tavern built 1827. Horn Pond and 
the land on its border have been made a park reservation by the city. 

Saugus. EstabMshed Feb. 17, 1815 ; formerly a part of Lynn as West 
Parish; First church, 1736; Old Cheever house; Old Rowe house; Old Tudor 
house ; Old Boardman house ; Newburyport turnpike. An iron mine was dis- 
covered at an early period on the west bank of Saugus River, and in 1645 iron works 
were established there, the first In New England. 

Danvers. Incorporated as a district 1752; incorporated as a town June 16, 
1757. Formerly part of Salem as Salem Village. Settled by Gov. Endicott and 
his associates in 1628. During the Revolutionary war, four twenty-gun ships and 
ten privateers were built here. Gen. Israel Putnam, was a native of Danvers. 
Col. Hutchinson, of the Revolutionary army, was also from this town, and was at 
Valley Forge and Trenton, in command of a company at seige of Quebec under 
Wolfe, also at Lake George and Ticonderoga. Gen. Gideon Foster, Capt. Samuel 
Page and other patriots resided here. As early as June 5, 1774, Gen. Gage came 
from Boston with two companies of troops from Castle William, and had his 
headquarters at the mansion of Hon. R. Hooper ; the troops were encamped 
about the house, but on Sept. 10 all returned to Boston. The town is famous for 
the witchcraft excitement, which commenced in 1692. Rev. George Burroughs, 
formerly of Roxbury, pastor of the First Congregational Church of this town 
in 1680-83 and Rebecca Nurse and others were executed for witchcraft on 
" Callow's Hill," Salem. 

Danversport. Gov. Endicott's house; Read Porterhouse; Page house at 
square ; Endicott Pear Tree ; the Jacobs house ; Berry Tavern ; Historical So- 
ciety Rooms and Peabody Institute. 

Tapleyville. Site of Parris house ; Rebecca Nurse house. Grave and Monu- 
ment ; King Hooper Collins house and Lexington Monument. 

Danvers Centre. First Church ; IngersoU-Peabody house ; General Israel 
Putnam's birthplace ; Jesse Putnam house ; Old Nichols homestead (now P'ern- 
crop Inn) ; Oak Knoll, a favorite home of Whittier. 

Putnamville. Rev. Putnam Fowler house. Prince house, Clark house and 
Benjamin Putnam house. 

The large asylum for the insane, belonging to the state, is located on a large 
hill, commanding a beautiful view of the surrounding country, and many well- 
known places of the first settlers are in view. 

Peabody, named changed from South Danvers, April 13, 1868. Monument 
to minutemen stands in the square ; site of Bell Tavern ; ancient cemetery of the 
town is just over the line in Salem and is where Eliza Wharton is buried ; First 
Church of Peabody stands in the square ; Peabody Library, gift of George Pea- 




Geo. H. Walker & Co., Boston. CaPT. JOHN PARKER STATUE. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 103 

body, has a large, valuable library, and here are deposited, in a very large steel 
safe, the gold framed portrait of Queen Victoria, presented to George Peabody 
by the Queen, and the medal presented by Congress to him. 

In the Peabody Institute is the Sutton Reference Library, the gift of Mrs. 
Eliza Sutton in memory of her son, Eben Dale Sutton. 

Billenca. Common land settled in 1655. In 1658, 8,000 acres of land was 
granted to Billerica. Site of old Danforth Garrison House, 1676, River Street; 
Unitarian Church, 1697, organized 1663; South Burying Ground, Bedford Street; 
Jacquith 'Garrison House ; soldiers' moitument ; site of Amos Adams place, 
standing 1775, a place of concealment for Samuel Adams and John Hancock, 
who were sought by the British in April, 1775. Asa Pollard House and Boulder; 
he was the first man killed at battle of Bunker Hill. John Rogers Farm, 1695, 
scene of Indian Massacre ; tablet on Memorial Hall. 

Burlington. Incorporated as a town 1799 • site of old Sewall House, built 
1750, place of refuge of Samuel Adams and John Hancock in 1775, a"^d burned 
April, 1897. 

Lexington, March 20, 1713 ; the north precinct of Cambridge. On the 
Common stands a monument marking the site of the three meeting houses in 
Lexington. A few rods north of the monument is a large boulder, placed to 
mark the line of the minutemen. Facing the Common is the Jonathan Harring- 
ton house ; he was in Captain Parker's company and fell mortally wounded at 
the first fire of the British soldiers. He got to the door of his home, but fell 
dead at his wife's feet. 

The Soldiers' Monument on the Common, probably the oldest monument 
erected to commemorate the battles of the Revolution, was erected by the State 
of Massachusetts in 1799. In front of this monument Lafayette was welcomed 
to Lexington. On the opposite side of the Common is the site of the Munroe 
house, built 1729, occupied at the time of the battle by Marrett Munroe. 
stone cannon marks the sj^ot occupied by a British field piece April 19, 1775. 

Munroe Tavern occupied by Earl Percy as headquarters, April 19, 1775; 
Washington dined here on his visit to Lexington, November, 1789 ; Benjamin 
Wellington Tablet ; Old Clark house, where Adams and Hancock were awakened 
by Paul Revere on morning of April 19, 1775 ; Fiske house, (Dr. Joseph Fiske oc- 
cupied at time of battle, 1732) on Hancock Street ; Sanderson house ; Buck- 
mar* Tavern, the rallying place of the minutemen on the night of April 18; con- 
tains many bullet holes made by the British soldiers ; Town Hall ; Cary Library • 
High School building ; Capt. John Parker statue. 

Winchester, incorporated April 30, 1850, made up of parts of Medford, 
West Cambridge and Woburn. A wealthy and prosperous town. 

Concord, Sept. 3, 1635, a plantation at Musketequid. The Old North 
Bridge was the scene of the Concord fight. On one side are the graves of the 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 105 

slain British and the old monument, on the other side a large statute of the min- 
uteman. Sleepy Hollow Cemetery has the graves of Hawthorne, Emerson, A. 
Bronson Alcott, Louisa May Alcott, Thoreau, Elisha Mulford, and other well- 
known people of the town. The Hill Burying Ground; Concord Antiquarian 
Society, has a large amount of curiosities and valuable relics of the past history 
of Concord ; the Public Library has 20,000 books; Wright's Tavern ; the Old 
Manse, near North Bridge, dates from 1765, and was Hawthorne's home for four 
years ; Ralph Waldo Emerson's house, in which he dwelt from 1835 to his 
death in 1883, is at the junction of the Old Boston and Lexington roads ; the 
Wayside House, on the Lexington road was, in 1852-53 and 1860-64, the home 
of Hawthorne ; the Alcotts lived in the house adjacent ; a cairn as large as a 
haycock, on the shore of Walden Pond, marks the site of the famous hut of 
Thoreau. The Massachusetts State Reformatory was built in 1877. 

SomervSlle was a part of Charlestown. Town incorporated March 3, 1842; 
incorporated as a city 1871. Old Powder House in West Somerville was an old 
mill built by John Mallett on a site purchased in 1703-04 and was deeded in 
1747 to the Province of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, and old mill 
used for a powder house for many years. The land surrounding the house is laid 
out as a public park. On Sept. 1, 1774, General Gage seized two hundred and 
fifty half barrels of gun powder stored within. In 1775 it became the magazine 
of the American army beseiging Boston. Central Hill, a redoubt erected here, 
and armed with four 8-inch seige guns, erectec in 1885 by the city, and is with- 
in the lines of the French redoubt which was thrown up by the American troops 
under Gen. Israel Putnam immediately after the Battle of Bunker Hill, and 
l)ecame part of the beseiging lines of Boston, 1775-76. The guns were do- 
nated by Congress. I'art of the Revolutionary parapet is included in this 
redoubt. 

Winter Hill, one hundred and twenty-four feet high ; here the captured 
army of Gen. Burgoyne were encamped for some months before e.xchanged. 
Gen. Greene's headquarters ; site of old Winter Hill Fort ; Old Royal House 
Public Library ; High School. 

Brookline, anciently known as " Muddy River," belonged to Boston, but 
was set off and incorporated as a town Nov. 13, 1705. Western Avenue was 
opened from Boston to Brookline July 21, 1821, with great ceremony. 

Brookline is the residential section of many of Boston's most prosperous 
business men. It has long had the reputation of being the wealthiest town for 
its population in the United States, if not in the world. 

A drive through this beautiful suburb to view its many palatial residences 
is one of the most pleasing features of a stranger's visit to Boston. 

T"o give some idea of the town's wealth, the following statistics may be of 
interest: Receipts for year ending Feb. 15, 1899, $1,631,245.28; payments, 




Geo. II. Walker & Co., Boston. 



OivD Elm, Cambridge;. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 107 

$1,410,685.09; leaving a cash balance of $211,560.29. The total valuation is, 
real estate, $49,947,300; personal estate, $16,608,200; bank and corporation 
stock (estimated) $10,000,000, and the tax levy is $787,188.70. The population 
was estimated at 19,000 ; polls assessed, 5,091 ; tax rate $11.80 per $1,000; total 
value of school projDerty, $1,011,360. The Public Library has 35,000 volumes 
and many pamphlets and manuscripts. 

The principal historical places are the home of Isaac Gardner, killed at 
Lexington, site of Aspinwall house, site of Punch Bowl Tavern, Old Goddard 
house, house of Robert Sharp and Old Burying Ground. 

At Clyde Park are the clubhouse and grounds of the Country Club, or- 
ganized from among the members of leading clubs of Boston. 

The town's rapid development is due to the filling up of Back Bay, the con- 
struction of Beacon street, and Commonwealth Avenue Ijoulevard leading di- 
rectly to Brookline, and the fine streets laid out in the Back Bay District, with 
the erection of a superior class of dwellings from the Public Garden to Brookline, 
thereby connecting the two finest residential sections in the state. 

Electric cars run direct from the Subway through the beautiful Back Bay 
District of Boston over the well-built boulevards of Brookline ; carriage drives 
through the Back Bay Fens connect with the streets along the eastern boundary 
of the town. 

Those desiring more detailed information about the town, or more particu- 
larly concerning its real estate interests, should consult Mr. Frank A. Russell, 
who has devoted himself exclusively to the handling of Brookline real estate, 
mortgages, etc. Mr. Russell's offices are located at 113 Devonshire Street, 
Boston, and at 1345 Beacon Street ( Coolidge Corner) Brookline. 

Cambridge, Sept. 18, 1636. The town of Newe Towne ; May 2, 1638, 
name changed to Cambridge; May 17, 1846, incorporated as a city. The first 
printing press set up in Cambridge, 1639. Harvard College founded 1636, by a 
vote of the Massachusetts Bay Legislature, and in 1638, received a legacy of 
;^850 and a library from John Harvard. Massachusetts Hall, built 1720; served 
as a barrack for American soldiers in the Revolution ; Harvard Hall, built 
1765; Hollis Hall, built 1763; Stoughton Hall, built 1805; Holworthy Hall, 
built 1812; Holden Chapel, built 1744; Thayer Hall, built 1870; Weld Hall, 
1872; Matthews', 1872; Gray's, 1863; Sever, 1880; University Hall, 1815; 
Wadsworth House was used for one hundred and twenty-three years as the 
home of the presidents of Harvard, and at one time was Washington's head- 
quarters. 

Boylston Hall ; Gore Hall has the University Library of more than 250,000 
volumes; Appleton Chapel; Memorial Hall, built 1874, to commemorate the 
ninety-five Harvard men who fell in defence of the Union. Near this hall is an 
ideal statue of John Harvard; Divinity Hall; Peabndy Museum, and other 



108 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



buildings. Harvard has 4,000 students ; has more than $12,500,000 of property. 
The college grounds have an area of twenty-three acres, with twenty-two build- 
ings. The gate cost }?10,000. 

Cambridge Common; Soldiers Monument, 1801-65, with several cannon 
captured from the British ; Washington Elm ; on 3d of July, 1775, Washington 
took command of the army under this tree. A short distance from the elm 
stands the home once occupied by General and Lady Washington, and the house 
of the late Henry W. Longfellow; Lowell house, built 1700, occupied by 
Lowell lOr many years to 1891 ; Vassal House, built 1700. The Common was 
the great parade ground of the American army, 1775-76. The bron^ce statue of 
the Puritan, John Bridge, stands on the Common; Old Fort Washington; site 
of Fort Putnam; site of Davenport's Tavern; Porter's Tavern. 

Riverbank Court. This largg apartment house covers the entire block 
containing 50,000 feet of land. It is six stories high, built of red brick, with 
stone trimmings, forming three sides of a hollow square, giving a spacious en- 
trance court facing the river. 

First Burying Ground, on Massachusetts Avenue, corner of Garden Street, 
Cambridge. The First Church forms the eastern boundary of the ground, and 
directly opposite are grounds and buildings oi Harvard College. On the south 
boundary of the burying ground is Old Christ Church on Garden Street. A 
monument to the six minutemen killed April 19, 1775, stands on this ground, 
and the old tombs and graves contain the remains of many who were prominent 
in the church, the government and the army. 

Mount Auburn Cemetery, Watertown, was established in 1831. The large 
gateway is ot Egyptian achitecture, and near the entrance is the handsome new 
chapel and the Sphinx is but a short distance. This was the earliest garden 
cemetery in America, and is laid out on the landscape plan. A few of the dis- 
tinguished persons buried here are Edward Everett, Charles Sumner, Prof. 
Agassiz, Rufus Choate, William Ellery Channing, James Russell Lowell, 
Nathaniel Bowditch, Anson Burlingame, Henry W. Longfellow, Phillips Brook?, 
William Warren, Edwin Booth, Francis Parkman, Hosea Ballou, N. P. Willio, 
Fanny Fern, Margaret Fuller, Dorothy Dix, Charlotte Cushman, Spurzheim, Fel- 
ton. Fields, Prescott, Palfrey, Ticknor, Sparks and hosts of other". 

New City" Hall, gift of F. N. Rindge, who also gave the handsome Public 
Library building, which contains 60,000 books, and the land for the High School 
opposite, besides erecting and maintaining the finely equipped Manual Training 
ing School. His gifts exceed $1,000,000. Cambridge Field, Rindge Field and 
the Riverside Parkway cost $800,000. Near Mt. Auburn is the beautiful park 
and pond of three hundred and thirty acres, surrounding Fresh Pond with a 
three mile driveway. Not far from Harvard College are the spacious athletic 
grounds of Soldiers' Field and Botanic Garden of Harvard University, Linnean 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



109 



Street. Tablets are placed to designate the route of the British troops as they 
marched to arrest Hancock and Adams and to destroy the military stores at 
Concord, on the morning of the 19th of April, 1775. 

Newton. Town of Cambridge, Dec. 15, 1691 ; June 2, 1873, incorporated 
as a city. Has fifteen villages and is bordered by the Charles River for sixteen 
miles. The stone terrace monument is on the site of Waban's wigwam, near 
Nonantum Hill, where Eliot, the apostle to the Indians, founded the first 
Indian church. Eliot Church, Channing Church and Grace Church ; Newton 
Theological Institute crowns Institution Hill, Newton Centre, founded 1826, by 
the Baptists. Near Newtonville is Brooklawn, for many years the home of Gen. 
\Vm. Hull, who surrendered Detroit, since 1854 the residence of Gov. Wm. 
Claflin. Lassell Seminary, Auburndale, for women, occupies eight acres of fine 
land; founded in 1851. 

Norumbega Park, on the banks of the Charles River, has been laid out as a 
pleasure ground and is fitted up with a large, open air theatre, boat house, elec- 
tric fountain, deer park, restaurant, etc., by the Commonwealth Avenue Street 
Railway Company of Newton. 

Newton Lower Falls. St. Mary's Episcopal Church, with the burying ground 
adjoining. The Falls of the Charles River here have been utilized by paper 
mills since 1790. Echo Bridge, near the falls, is a granite aqueduct five hundred 
feet long, whose central arch crossing the Charles River has a span of one hun- 
dred and thirty feet. It is included in the Hemlock Gorge Reservation, where 
the river flows in rapids through a romantic and wild country. 

Newtonville. Central Congregational Church, Walnut Street; Methodist 
Ej^iscopal Church and Newton High School. 

Newton Highlands. Congregational Church. 

Nonantum Hill, named for the Indian chief, has anele»/ation of 250 feet and 
commands the extended view from the State House to Mount Monadnock. In 
the beautiful valley to the south Eliot taught the Indians, and the spot is 
appropriately marked by the Eliot Memorial. In Newton as well as Natick, 
Eliot labored for many years as teacher to the Indians. 

Newton, called the garden city, has a large territory, and is approached by 
several fine boulevards, a fine system of electric cars, and the Boston & Albany 
Railroad. The depots on this line are built of stone, with pleasing architecture, 
and the grounds around the stations are prettily laid out. 

The whole territory of the city is laid out with broad avenues bordered by 
shade trees, and handsome residences sit back some distance from the street, 
giving a breadth for ornamental planting and lawns. 

The public reservations taken along the banks of Charles River by the 
State have greatly enhanced the value of the adjoining land. Since the taking of 
the banks of the river, a system of boulevards has been constructed connecting 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. ill 

with distant reservations. Large sections of land fronting on these boulevards 
have been built upon with high-grade residences. 

Centre Street Burying Ground is the oldest ground in Newton. The first 
settlers' remains were buried here and a large granite monument stands in the 
oldest portion of the ground, with the names of the first settlers cut in the 
stone. Directly in front of the burying ground once stood the First Parish 
Church. The ancient tombs and gravestones have an interesting record in the 
cjuaint epitaphs of those who were prominent in the town in days gone by, and 
the ranks of captain, lieutenant and ensign appear frequently on the oldest 
stones, denoting their services in the early Indian wars, and the epitaphs of a later 
period give the rank of those who served in the French and Indian war and the 
Revolution. Here were buried Mai. Gen. \Vm. Hull, Brig. Gen. Michael Jack- 
son, with his sons, officers of the Revolutionary army, Rev. John Eliot, A. 
M., son of the Apostle John Eliot ; the pastor of the first church in Newton was 
buried here in 1608. 

Walnut Street Cemetery, on Walnut Street, is a fine, modern ground, laid 
out on the landscape plan, and contains a large number of beautiful monuments. 

Newton Lower Falls Ancient Burying Ground is the fourth oldest yard in 
Newton, and several soldiers of the Revolutionary war are buried here. 

West Newton Burying Ground, on River Street, is the second oldest ground 
in Newton. Lieut. Col. Nathaniel Fuller and other soldiers of the Revolution 
are buried here. 

Newton Highlands Burying Ground has a large number of Revolutionary- 
soldiers buried in the tombs and ground. 

Wel/esley, formerly part of Needham, incorporated as a town April 6, 1881. 
Site of First Schoolhouse, built 1726 ; site of Bullard Tavern ; old Indian settle- 
ment near Lake Waban ; site of Jere Ware's house, first house in Wellesley ; Col- 
burn house, 1770; fireproof Town Hall; Free Library, the gift of 11. N. Hunne- 
well ; the beautiful estate of H. N. Hunnewell. 

Wellesley College, for women, has three hundred acres of fine land hand- 
somely laid out on Lake Waban ; large buildings, including a library building 
with 5,500 books. 

Needham, formerly part of Dorchester; incorporated Nov. 5, 1771, as a 
town ; site of First Church, 1712, and First Burying Ground; site of Old Mill, 
1715; Fuller house, built 1700; Fuller house, built 1730; Old Fisher house; 
house built 1730, site of First Tavern; site of Mcintosh house, built prior to 
1700; Old Powder House ; house built 1720 and occupied by ministers of First 
Church, 1720-1821. 

Dover. Part of Needham, incorporated as a town July 7, 1784. Hunting 
grounds of the Indians, located by the Apostle Eliot ; site of wigwams of the 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON, 113 

Powisset Indians ; site of First Schoolhouse ; site of First Church ; site of 
Powder House, built 1800; farm settled by Henry Wilson, 1040. 

Natick. Common land. April 16, 1679, incorporated as a town. On the 
common a monument to the soldiers of the Civil war, with brass seige guns 
mounted on gun carriages ; Morse Institute Library opposite the Common; 
Indian Burying Ground ; site of Eliot's Church at South Natick, with old Bury- 
ing Ground adjoining. Here John Eliot founded the Indian Village in 1650, and 
here he did a great deal of his work of translating the Bible to the Indian 
language. A monument to Eliot's memory stands near the old oak under which 
he preached. Eliot Church, the successor of the Eliot Church at South Natick, 
stands opposite the Common in Natick Centre. In this church is preserved the 
ancient record of the members, with the Indian members as well ; house of Vice 
President Henry Wilson. 

Sherborn. Common land. Incorporated as a town Oct. 7, 1074. The old 
First Church ; three oldest burying grounds ; State Reformatory for Women. 

Holliston was part of Sherborn, incorporated Dec. 3, 1724. Old Cemetery, 
IO.jO, and Soldiers' Monument. 

Weston, west precinct of Watertown, Jan 1, 1712. Three old burying 
grounds ; Norumbega Tower, built of gray stone, commemorates the discovery, 
on this spot, of relics of the followers of Lief Ericsson and Thorwald, the Norse- 
man, who founded a colony of Norumbega about the year 1000. 

Riverside Recreation Grounds, containing an area of forty acres, on the banks 
of the Charles River, devoted to athletic sports, games, bathing, boating, etc. The 
lioston Athletic Association grounds are also located on the adjoining property. 

Belmont. Incorporated March 18, 1859. In VVaverly are the large build- 
ings with extensive grounds of the McLean Asylum for the Insane and the 
Massachusetts General Hospital's Convalescents' Home. Within a short dis- 
tance is the Waverly Oaks Reservation. 

Waltham. Part of Watertown, originally. Incorporated as a town Jan. 4, 
1738. Old Brown house, built 1724, the oldest house standing in Waltham ; 
site of the first dwellings in Watertown erected 1635 ; site of old Massasoit house; 
site of Bemis Tavern ; house of Gen. N. P. Banks ; old Stone Schoolhouse; 
P)irthplace of Gen. N. P. Banks ; old Farmhouse; Mt. Feake Cemetery; Old 
Burying Ground; Prospect Hill Park, hill four hundred and eighty-two feet 
high; Public Library, 28,000 volumes; Waltham Watch Factory. 

Watertown. One of the earliest towns of Massachusetts. The old 
Burying Ground; Public Library, 30,000 volumes ; United States Arsenal has 
extensive grounds on the banks of the Charles River, large factories, foundries, 
and barracks for troops ; gun carriages of the latest pattern are made here. 

Sudbury. The new plantation by Concord. Incorporated Sept. 14, 1639; 
Capt Samuel Wadsworth of Milton, Lieut. Sharp of Brookline, and Capt. Brock- 



114 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

lebank of Rowley, aiid twenty-six other soldiers slain by the Indians, April 18, 
1(57(3, near the site of the monument ; First Church ; First Burying Ground, ad- 
joining the church, where a large number of Revolutionary soldiers are buried. 

Wayside Inn, South Sudbury. The Red Horse or Howe Tavern, made 
famous by Longfellow's " Tales of a Wayside Inn," was built in 1683, by David 
Howe, and kept as a tavern by four generations of his family until 1860, when it 
was closed on account of the death of Squire Lyman Howe, who died 1859, and 
until recently occupied as a private house. Among the many famous persons 
who have been entertained here, are General Washington, the Marquis de 
Lafayette, Judge Sewall, Mme. Knight, H. W. Longfellow, Luigi Monti, 
General Burgoyne, Ole Bull and "James T. Fields. 

The house is twenty-two miles from Boston, on the Central Massachusetts 
division of the Boston & Maine Railroad, one and one-half miles from Wayside 
Inn station, two and one-half miles from South Sudbury. 

Edward R. Lemon has opened the house as an inn, and it is now furnished 
throughout with rare, antique furniture, and is open for guests. 

Milton. Part of Dorchester called Uncataquissett. May 7, 1662, estab- 
lished as Milton. Milton Cemetery, one of the best cemeteries in the state. 
The oldest burying place in the town is a part of this cemetery ; Gov. Hutchin 
son's House, 1775'; House where Suffolk Resolves were adopted Sept. 9, 1774 ; the 
Public Library ; Town Hall ; First Church ; Walter Baker's Chocolate Mills at 
Lower Mills, on the Neponset River; Milton Academy. 

Knollwood Cemetery lies partly in Canton and partly in Sharon, and was 
incorporated by Massachusetts in 1898 and has four hundred acres of land and 
water. It is fifteen miles from Boston, on the New York, New Haven & Hart- 
ford Railroad, Providence Division, and the railroad station and administration 
building are at the entrance to the cemetery. These buildings were constructed 
by the cemetery corporation, and are built of stone found on the ground, and 
are of pleasing architecture. The offices, ladies' parlor, and toilet rooms are 
finished in golden oak and other wood. A large fireproof vault contains the 
books of the corporation. 

The landscape plan has been followed in laying out the grounds, and the 
avenues follow the natural contour of the valleys. The ground is a series of 
wooded knolls, slopes, and valleys. From the highest point on the ground, 
" Overlook," a grand view of the surrounding towns of Walpole, Norwood, Ded- 
ham, Hyde Park, and parts of Milton, Canton, Stoughton, Randolph, Sharon, 
Foxboro, and Boston may be seen. Upon this hill it is proposed to erect an ob- 
servatory. The receiving tomb is to be of Hingham granite, with catacomb 
capacity of one hundred and seventy-eight bodies, with larger apartments for 
the same purpose. A mortuary chapel will soon be erected. 

Quincy, Part of Braintree established as (^uincy, with part of that por- 
tion of Dorchester called " Squantum and the Farms." Incorporated as a town 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 115 

Feb. li., 1792. At Independence Avenue and Franklin Streets, South Quincy, is 
the birthplace of John Quincy Adams, built 1700, and John Adams lived there; 
nearby is the larger house where John Adams was born ; John Hancock's birth- 
place is near the site, being where the library stands ; Peter Butler house, noted 
as the residence of the Black, Greenleaf and Butler families of Quincy ; Adams 
Academy, founded 1823, by gift of President John Adams ; First Church, burial 
place of John and John Q. Adams ; First Burying Ground ; Abigail Adams 
Monument; a cairn on Payne's Hill marks the spot where Abigail Adams 
watched the battle of Bunker Hill ; St. Paul's Church Quarry, first quarry 
in United States ; First Railroad in the United States at the quarries ; Thomas 
Crane Public Library, a granite building, cost $50,000, has 20,000 books; 
Merry Mount Park has sixty-five acres of oaks and hemlocks; a granite tablet 
on the harbor cliff of Squantum, shows where Myles Standish landed. 

Braintree. Land belonged to Boston, called Mount Wollaston. Estab- 
lished May 13, 1640. Site of First Iron Works in United States ; P'irst Church, 
1706; Old Bates house; Dr. Storr's house ; site of Old Hayward house; First 
Burying Ground ; Thayer Academy, established from fund of $200,000 donated 
by General Sylvanus Thayer of the United States army, at South Braintree. 

Hyde Park. Parts of Dedham, Dorchester and Milton. Incorporated as 
Hyde Park April 22, 1868; Fairview Cemetery. 

Dedham. Common land. ICstablished Sept. 8, 1636. Old Fairbanks house, 
1636, now in charge of the Daughters of the Revolution ; site of Abraham Shaw's 
Mill, 1630; Old Indian Ford; County Court House; Dedham Historical Society 
Building and Library, has a large collection of relics relating to Dedham history; 
Public Library; Old Powder House and Powder House Rock, building erected 
17th century ; Memorial Hall, erected 1867, in memory of the soldiers who died 
1861-65, from Dedham. 

Canton. Part of Stoughton. Incorporated Feb. 23, 1797. First Church; 
First Burying Ground, adjoining the church, Indian chiefs buried here; new ad- 
dition to old ground laid out on landscape plan, and a monument erected to 
Gen. Gridley, Revolutionary army, under which his remains are buried; opposite 
Is site of Nathaniel May Tavern, where the patriots under Gridley assembled; 
Old Fenno house, built 1704; Revere Copper Works; Silk Factory; site of old 
Trinity Church, and old Burying Ground in the rear. 

Brldgewater. Part of Duxbury called New Plantation. Established as 
Bridgewater, June 3, 1656. Hugh Orr erected a trip hammer on Hatfield River, 
and in 1748 made five hundred muskets, the first turned out in America for the 
Province of Massachusetts. In the Revolution he made many brass and iron 
cannon and cannon balls for the Continental army ; Old Cemetery ; Public Li- 
brary ; Memorial Hall, near Central Square. 



116 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



GOVERNORS AND LIEUTENANT GOVERNORS 
IN MASSACHUSETTS. 



Governors of Plymouth Colony chosen annually by the People. 



1620, Nov. 11, John Carver. 

1621, April, William Bradford. 

1633, Jan. 1, Edward Winslow. 

1634, March 27, Thomas Prence. 

1635, March 3, William Bradford. 

1636, March 1, Edward Winslow. 

1637, March 7, William ;!radford. 



1638, June 5, Thomas Prence. 

1639, June 3, William Bradford. 

1644, June 5, Edward Winslow. 

1645, June 4, William Bradford. 
1657, June 3, Thomas Prence. 
1673, June 3, Josiah Winslow. 
1680, Dec. 18, Thomas Hinckley.* 



Deputy Governors of Plymouth Colony. 



1680, Thomas Hinckley. + 

1681, James Cudworth. 



1682-86, William Bradford. 
1689-92, William Bradford. 



Governors of Massachusetts chosen annually under the First 

Charter. 



1629, April 30, John Endicott., 

1630, Oct. 20, John Winthrop.J 

1634, May 14, Thomas Dudley 

1635, May 6, John Ilaynes. 

1636, May 25, Henry Vane. 

1637, May 17, John Winthrop. 

1640, May 13, Thomas Dudley. 

1641, June 2, Richard Bellingham. 

1642, May 18, John Winthrop. 

1644, May 29, John Endicott. 

1645, May 14, Thomas Dudley. 



1646, May 6, John Winthrop. 

1649, May 2, John Endicott. 

1650, May 22, Thomas Dudley. 

1651, May 7, John Endicott. 
1654, May 3, Richard Bellingham. 
16.55, May 23, John Endicott. 
1665, May 3, Richard Bellingham. 

1672, Dec. 12, John Leverett (acting.) 

1673, May 3, John Leverett. 
1679-86, May 28, Simon Bradstreet. 



*Mr. Hinckley was governor till the union of the colonies in 1692, except during the admin- 
istration of Andros. 

t Previously there was no deputy governor, a governor pro tern being appointed by the gov- 
prnor to serve in his absence. 

tBy the Royal Charter, which passed the seals March 4, 1G28-29, Matthew Cradock was ap- 
pointed the first governor and Thomas Goffe deputy governor, both of whom had held the same of- 
fices before the charter was granted. On the loth of the following May, the same persons were 
rechosen under the charter, but they never came to New England. On the 20th of October, 1629, 
John Winthrop was chosen governor and John Humphrey, deputy governor. On the iiOth of April, 
1029, John Endicott was chosen in London to be governor of the Plantation in New England, and 
held the office until the arrival of the governor (Winthrop) in 1630. 



GUIDK TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



117 



Deputy Governors of Massachusetts. 



1629-34, 
1634-35, 
1635-36, 
1636-37, 
1637-40, 
1640-41, 
1641-44, 
1644-46, 
1646-50, 
1650-51, 



Thomas Dudley.* 
Roger Ludlow. 
Richard ISellingham. 
John Winthrop. 
Thomas Dudley. 
Richard Bellingham. 
John Endicott. 
John Winthrop. 
Thomas Dudley. 
John Endicott. 



1651-53, Thomas Dudley. 
1653-54, Richard Bellingham. 
1654-55, John Endicott. 
1655-65, Richard Bellingham. 
1665-71, Francis Willoughby. 
1671-73, John Eeverett. 
1673 to Oct. 1678, Samuel Symonds. 
167S to Oct. 1679, Simon Bradstreet. 
1679-86, Thomas Danforth. 



After the Dissolution of the First Charter. 



Simon Bradstreet was governor from May 24, 1()89, to May 14, 1692, and 
Thomas I)anforth was deputy governor during the same time. 



Governors of Massachusetts 
Second 

1692, May 14, Sir William Phipps 
1694, Nov. 17, William Stoughton.f 

1699, May 26, Richard Coote, Earl of 
Bellomont. 

1700, July, William Stoughton.f 

1701, July 7, The Council. 

1702, June 11, Joseph Dudley. 
1714, Feb. 13, The Council. 

1714, March 15, Joseph Dudley. 

1715, Nov. 9, William Tailer.f t 

1716, Oct. 4, Samuel Shute. 
1722, Dec. 27, William Dummer.j 

1728, July 13, William Burnet. 

1729, Sept. 7, William Dummer.t 



Appointed by the Kin§f under 
Charter. 

1730, June 30, William Tailer.f 
1730, Aug. 8, Jonathan Belcher. 
1741, Aug. 17, William Shirley. 
1749, Sept. 11, Spencer Phips.f 
1753, Aug. 7, William Shirley. 

1756, Sept. 25, Spencer Phips.f 

1757, April 4, The Council. 
1757, Aug. 3, Thomas Pownal. 
1760, June 3, Thomas Hutchinson.f 
1760, Aug. 1, Sir Francis Bernard, Bart. 
1769, Aug. 1, Thomas Hutchinson.f 
1771, March, Thomas Hutchinson. 
1774, May 13, Thomas Gage. 



*Thomas Goffe, the first deputy governor, never came to New England. John Humphrey 
was elected, but did not serve. 

Note— May 25, IGSfJ, Joseph Dudley assumed the office of President under a commission of 
King James II, and, with a council, had jurisdiction over the king's dominion of New England. 
This office he held till Dec. 20, the same year, when Sir Edmund Andros appeared as governor of 
New England, appointed by James II. April 'M, lOSO, Governor Andros was deposed by a revo- 
lution of the people. 

tThose who have a dagger were acting governors. 

tin November, 1715, Elizeus Burgess was proclaimed governor, he having haa the appointment 
in March, 1714, but he never came over to perform his duties and resigned ITlli. 



GUIDE TO METUOrOMTAN lUJSTON. 118 

Lieutenant Govefnors in Massachusetts. 

l(i!)2 to July 1701, William Stougliton. 17;!0, VVilliain 'I'ailer. 

1702 Oil, 'I'lionias I'ovcy. 17;5;5, Spciiccr I'liips. 

noi"', Jan. (■), to Oct. 171 1, vacancy. ilM, 'J'homas llulchinsou. 

1711, William 'I'ailer. 1771, Andrew Oliver. 

17H>, William Dummcr. 1774, 'I'homas Oliver. 



Under the Constitution. 

1774, Oct., A J'roviiicial Congres.s. 177r), July, Tlic Council. 



Governors of Massachusetts under the Constitution. 

17S0-Sr), John Hancock. 185:5 54, John II. (.'lillorcl. 

17X5 S7, James Bowdoin. 1854-5f), Kmory Washburn. 

I7S7 9:5, John Hancock. 18r)r)-r)8, Henry J. Cardncr. 

17'.»4'il7, Samuel Adams. 1858-01, Nathaniel I'. Hanks. 

]7'.>7 to June 7, 17!>0, Increase Sumner. lS()l-()(), John A. Andrew. 

ISOO 07, Caleb Strong. lS(i()-(J!), Alexander H. Hullock. 

1.S07 to Dec. 10, 1S08, James Sullivan. 18(19-72, William Clallin. 

l.sOO 10, Christopher (lore. 1S72 74, William H. \Vash!)inn.* * 

1810 12, Elbridge Cerry. 1875 70, William (Jaston. 

1812-10, t'aleb Strong. I87() 7!>, Alexander H. Rice. 

1810-23, John r.rooks. 187!) SO, Thomas Talbot. 

1828 to Feb. C), 1825, William luistis. 1880 8:J, John Davis Long. 

1825-34, Levi Lincoln. 188:5-84, Benjamin F. Butler. 

18:54 to March 1, 18:55, John Davis. 1884-87, Oeorge 1). Robinson, 

18:5()-40, lulward I'.verett. 1887-90, Oliver Ames. 

1840-41, Marcus Morton. 1890-91, John Q. A. Brackett. 

1841 4:5, John Davis. 1891-94, William K. Ru.ssell. 

184:5-44, Marcus Morion. 1894-90, Frederic T. (ireenhalge.f 

1844-51, Oeorge N. Briggs. 1890-18U!), Roger Wolcott. 

1851-63, George S. I'.ontwell. 1900 01, W. Murray Crane. 



♦•Resigned May \, 1K71. Chosen United Stales .Senator, April 17, 1874. 
tMr. Greenhalge died March 5, 18%. 



PLANT UINE^ 



TO THE 



PROVINCES 



•The Great Summer Tourist Route. 



Modern built, seagoing steamships, with spacious 

decks, comfortable staterooms, cabins and 

saloons, make frequent trips during the 

season of pleasure travel between 



BOSTON and 



Halifax, N. S. 
Hawkesbury, C. B. 
Charlottetown, P. E. I, 
and Sydney, C. B. 



The only route between above points without 
change or transfer. 

Providing ocean voyages varying from one night at sea to a six 
days' cruise of 1 ,400 miles for $18, and another of 1,600 miles for 
$22.50, including a sail through the celebrated Bras D'(Jr lakes and 
the Straits of Canso. Forming with its connections the most direct 
route to points in 

Nova Scotia, Cape Breton, Prince Edward 
Island and Newfoundland. 

For schedule folders, maps, stateroom plans, list of hotels and 
boarding houses and general information, apply to 

J. A. FLANDERS, Pass. Agent, 
No. 20 Atlantic Avenue, - - - Boston. 



M. F. PLANT, President, 
New Vokk. 



H. L. CHIPMAN, Manager, 
Halifax. 



CiUlDE TO MKTUOPOLITAN BOSTON. 



119 



Liewtenant Governors of Massachusetts* 



1780 to Feb. 28, 1788, Thomas Gush- 
ing. 
1788-89, Benjamin Lincoln. 
1789-94, Samuel Adams.| 
1794 to May 20, 1800, Moses Gill.§ J 
1801 to Feb. 10, 1802, Samuel Phillips. 
1802-0(5, Edward H. Robbins. 
1807-09, Levi Lincoln. || t 
1809-10, David Cobb. 
1810-12, William (rray. 
1812-23, William Phillips. 

1823 to Feb. 1824, Levi Lincoln. 

1824 to July 1825, Marcus Morton. | 
1826-33, Thomas L. Winthrop. 
1833-36, Samuel T. Armstrong. J 
1836-43, George Hull. 

1843-44, Henry H. Childs. 
1844-51, John Reed. 
1851-53, Henry W. Cushman. 
1853-54, Elisha Huntington. 



1854-55, William C. Plunkett. 
1855-56, Simon Prown. 
1866-58, Henry W. Benchley. 
1858-61, Eliphalet Trask. 

1861 to March, 29, 1861, John Z. Good- 
rich. 

1862 to Sept. 1862, John Nesmith. 
1863-66, Joel Hayden. 
1866-69, William Claflin. 
1869-73, Joseph Tucker. 
1873-75, Thomas Talbot. J 1[ 
1875-79, Horatio G. Knight. 
1879-80, John D. Long. 
1880-83, Byron Weston. 
1883-87, Oliver Ames. 
1887-90, John Q. A. Brackett. 
1890-93, William H. Haile. 
1893-97, Roger Wolcott.** 
1897-1899, W. Murray Crane. 
1900-01, John L. Bates. 



tXhe lieutenant governors who were acting governors, also, during the vacancies in tlie office 
of governor. 

§Mr. Gill died on the 20th of May, IWHO, and the commonwealth, for the first time under the 
constitution, was without a governor and lieutenant governor. The council, Hon. Thomas Dawes 
president, officiated till the yOth of the month, when Caleb Strong was inaugurated governor. 

IIGeneral William Heath was elected in 1806, and declined to accept the office. 

HActing governor from May 1, 1874. 

**Acting governor from March 5, 1S96. 



The League of American Wheelmen is an organization to promote the 
general interests of cycling and to protect and assure the rights of wheelmen 
It endeavors to facilitate touring and to advance the happiness of wheelmen on 
pleasure bent. By its advocacy of good roads, and through its efforts, millions 
of dollars have been spent throughout the United States towards securing im- 
provement in the condition of the highways. It has caused the erection of 
thousands of guide-boards, danger signs and free pumps for the safety and 
utility of travellers. It has prosecuted cycle thieves and other violators of the 
law, and has obtained legislation in many states, by which the rights of cyclists 
have been ascertained and defended. In short, the League of American Wheel- 



120 GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 

men stands for all that is best and broadest in our national affairs, and insures 
to the wheelmen their just rights and equality under the law. 

It costs $2 to join the I.. A. W., and $1 for renewal, and for this amount 
numerous advantages are given. For information write Abbot Bassett, secretary, 
Russia lildg., .530 Atlantic Ave., Boston. 

The Massachusetts Division, League of American Wheelmen, has 
been active. Members of the Massachusetts Division are afforded these partic. 
ular advantages : a new road-book, with accompanying maps, complete and perfect 
in every detail, and conceded to be one of the best ever issued, is given free to 
all members, reduced rates at official hotels and repair shops, and periodica' 
meets where members are afforded much enjoyment at little or no expense. 

An Up=to=Date Stationery and Office^Equipping Establishment is 
found at Thorp & Martin Co.'s, 12 Milk Street, Boston. With a printing room, 
bindery, ruling room and stamping room located in the building, they are 
equipped with facilities for the execution of all kinds of commercial work. 
Their retail establishment on the first floor is a model stationery shop, the goods 
being displayed in attractive shape, with prices in plain figures, which enables 
one to make purchases intelligently and quickly. * 

Armstrong's Railway Dining and News Rooms, established at pas- 
senger stations on the Boston & Albany Railroad and its branches, the Central 
Passenger Station at Taunton on the N. Y., N. H. cS: H. R.R., Boston & Maine 
on Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western and all other divisions, Fitchburg 
Railroad and its branches, Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad. The large 
dining room of the Union Station, Boston, seats one hundred and thirty people, 
and like all the dining rooms that belong to the Armstrong system, is furnished 
i'l the best manner, and fully equipped for serving the public with best quality 
of food at short notice. 

The Archway Book Store has for more than thirty years been one of the 
landmarks of Boston. Here may be found a large assortment of all the 
new and pojjular books of the day, by standard authors in sets and single 
volumes and in all styles of bindings. One of the specialties of this store is 
" remainders of editions." Second-hand books are also a feature, and some rare 
bargains in this line are always to be found on the counters. 

A visit to this store will well repay every one interested in books. 

The Old Corner Bookstore, 2H'.i Washington Street, corner School Street. 
Carter ( Richard B. )& Hendee (Charles J.) occupied this store from 1828 to 
1833. They were succeeded by Allen (John) & Ticknor (William D.) in 1883. 
From 1837 to 1844, William D. Ticknor alone occupied the store, and subse- 
quently with his partners, John Reed, Jr. and James T. Fields, until the fall of 
1865, when, the senior partner having died, the new firm of Ticknor (Howard M.) 
& Fields (James T. ) removed to Tremont Street. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 121 

E. P. Dutton & Co. removed from the opposite side of the street to the old 
store, and on the first of September, 1869, were succeeded by Alexander 
Williams under the firm name of A. Williams & Co., who soon associated with 
himself as partners, Charles L. Damrell, H. M. Upham and J. G. Cupples. Mr. 
Williams, in April, 1883, disposed of his interest to his associates who continued 
the business under the firm name of Cupples, Upham & Co. In April, 1887, 
Mr. Cupples disposed of his interest to Charles L. Damrell and Henry M. 
Upham, under the firm name of Damrell & Upham. Mr. Damrell died March 
28, 1896, and Mr. Upham purchased his interest and became the sole proprietor 
under the firm name of Damrell & Upham. Here may be found a carefully 
selected stock of the latest editions of standard books, in fine bindings, illus- 
trated works, medical, scientific and agricultural books, English and American 
juveniles, bibles, prayer books, hymnals and all church publications, atlases, maps 
and globes. Receive subscriptions for American and foreign magazines and 
newspapers. 

The W. B. Clarke Co., booksellers, stationers and engravers, Park Street, 
corner of Tremont Street. The business conducted by the W. B. Clarke Co. 
was established a quarter of a century ago and has long been one of the mcst 
prominent enterprises of the kind in the city. The firm are booksellers, sta- 
tioners and engravers, and their store, under Park Street Church, is the recognized 
headquarters for American and foreign publications, as the stock of books is not 
only very large but is sure to include all the latest issues of leading publishing 
houses, as well as an e.xceptionally complete assortment of standard works in all 
varieties of binding. Particular attention is given to the buying and selling of 
libraries, and there is no house in the country that offers more genuine bargains. 
Single subscriptions to leading periodicals are received at club rates and special 
combination prices are made for magazines at retail. All standard books can be 
obtained here at the very lowest prices. The assortment of stationery is very 
complete, but a specialty is made of the highest grade stationery for social 
correspondence, and goods bought from the W. B. Clarke Co. are not only 
correct in style but absolutely first-class in every detail of quality. A specialty 
is made of fine engraving, and no better work in the way of cards, invitations, 
etc., is done in all New England, while the facilities are such as to enable the 
firm to fill orders at very short notice, and to quote as low prices as can be 
named on work of equal merit. 

One of the most popular stores in Boston is the stationery store of M. 1^. 
Warren Company, at 336 Washington Street; they are the leading law sta- 
tioners in Massachusetts beside doing a large bank, railroad and commercial 
business, and are also up to date on fancy stationery, wedding invitations, ad- 
dress cards, etc. ; they carry a large stock of miscellaneous stationery and blank 
books and manufacture to order. It will repay you to call. 



Guide to Greater 
New York. 



THIS GUIDE is made on the same plan as our 
Guide to Metropolitan Boston. All the information 
necessary to a guide is given without any long descrip- 
tion. There are more than forty illustrations, taken 
from the very best photographs and nicely printed on 
first quality of half-tone paper. 

TWO HANDSOME MAPS, 

Price* - - - 25 Cents* 



SOLD BY ALL DEALERS, OR SENT BY 
MAIL ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. 

Geo. H. Walker & Co.^ 

LITHOGRAPHERS, PUBLISHERS, 
PRINTERS, 

Harcourt Street, - - Boston, Mass, 

One Block from Huntington Avenue Station. 




Geo. II. Walker &Cu., Boston. WASHINGTON STREET. 



Macullar Parker Company, 

398 and 400 Washington Street, 



Call the attention of gentlemen who desire the best 
clothes — whether ready to put on or to be made to 
measure — to the fact that they manufacture their 
clothing in clean, well-lighted workrooms on the 
premises. 

Only the most reliable fabrics are used, the garments 
are thoroughly made and in prevailing fashions, and 
prices are on a fair basis for tirst-class productions. 
Young Men's and Boys' Garments are made with 
the same degree of care as the Men's work, and for 
the " little folks " our stock of juvenile garments is 
always attractive. 

Strangers visiting Boston, as well as our own citizens, 
are cordially invited to inspect our workshops at any 
time during business hours. 



Macullar Parker Company, 

398 and 400 Washing-ton Street, 
Boston, Nlassachiasetts. 



NANTASKET^ BEACH, 

THE NEW STATE RESERVATION, 

Now under the control of the Park Commissioners. 

The Nantasket Beach Steamboat Company's fleet of day 
excursion steamboats, viz.: 

MYLES STANDISH, passenger capacity, 2,300 
MAYFLOWER, '* '' 2,000 

GOV. ANDREW, *' ** 1,400 

GENT LINCOLN, ** ** J, 200 

leave ROWE'S WHARF, Boston, during the summer season, 
hourly, for the Nantasket Beach Reservation, thus affording 
passengers a sail down our beautiful harbor and return of 
twenty-five miles. For time of trips see daily papers and Com- 
pany's time-tables. G. P. GUSHING, 

General Manager. 



:^»**JS^J*S*»i^^i$J$J$i$:$:$i^S-$-^i^-$*$t^S$-$i$$i$5-$-$r$i$.^-Jt$i^ 



VACATION. 



^ Plan to take a trip this season through the ^ 

$ delightful I 

I "LAND OF EVANGELINE" I 

I IN NOVA SCOTIA. | 

$ Reached from Boston via the x 

I Dominion Atlantic Ry. Line. I 



In service this season the elegant 20-knot, twin-screw S? 

steamers "Prince Qeorge," "Prince Arthur" and $ 

"Prince Edward." Daily Service Boston to Yar- * 

^ mouth, beginning about July 1. ^ 

THE IDEAL VACATION LAND, f 

Under 14 hours, Boston to Yarmouth. ^ 



I 



I 



For all information and advertising matter pertaining to scenery, 
^ hotels, rates, etc., write to 

I J. F. MASTERS, N. E. Supt., 

P. H. ARMSTRONG, G. P. A., 228 Washington St., Boston. 

Kentville, Nova Scotia. 



^€€<:€€;€?g€ € €€€ € €€€ € €€€€€€€:e€€€€ €€ € € <:€€€€€^<?€ 





►«^% r 'n ^'^ ^ SNfl) i**i p»i(i Sr 1 



Cor.Bowdoin^Biilfinch Sts.mid 
Biill'iiich Place, 

Boston.Mass' 



LOCATED NEAR THE 
BUSINESS CENTRE. 



K 






TRANSIENT 

rooms: 

75 cts per Day. 

PERMANENT 
ROOMS^ 

$3.00 per Week, 

AND UPWARDS. 



t lloor 
^''ee to, 
A,pa(Oi\ *.5.uupefweeK,i Guests' 

XCJIK" ^^ , AND UPWARDS.-.-. Vj '• 

YOU WILL BE PLEASED. 

^ K£EP THIS CARD, AND 
RECOMMEND THIS HOUSE TO 
YOUR FRIENDS. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



133 



LIST OF CONTENTS. 



Page 

\cademy of Arts and Sciences 51 

Adams, Hon. Charles Francis 39 

Adams, President John (Juincy 37-39 

Adams, Samuel 15-37 

Adams Statue 23 

Advertiser 19 

Algonquin Club 49 

American House 23 

Andros, Sir Edmund 13 

Apple Island 75 

Apollo Club 37 

Arborway 71 

Arlington 100 

Arlington St. Church 43 

Army and Navy Monument 35 

Arnold Arboretum 71 

Arsenal Street Bridge 57 

Artillery Company 9-11-13 

Ashland Reservoir 85 

Aspinwall's Wharf 19 

Back Bay District 41 

Back Bay Station 57 

Baldwin Place Church 27 

Barricado 17 

Bass Point 91 

Battery Wharf 19 

Beacon, The 30 

Beacon Hill 29 

Beaver Brook 81 

Bellevue Hill 81 

Bellevue Hotel 35 

Belmont 113 

Bellingham-Faneuil Estate 22 

Benevolent Fraternity of Churches 45 

Berkeley Temple 53 

Beverly 95 

Billerica 103 

Billing's F'ield 73 

Blue Hill Ave. Bridge 57 

Blue Hills Reservation 79 

Blackstone, Rev. Wm 31 

Blake House 66 

Boston Art Club 43 

Boston & Albany R.R 89 

Boston Athen.Lum 30 

Boston Athletic Association 49 

Boston Base Ball Grounds 61 

Boston College 56 

Boston Dispensary 53 

Boston, Early History 5-6-7 

Boston & Fitchburg R. R 89 

Boston Harbor 73-75-76 

Boston Library 57 

Boston Light 75 

Boston & Maine R.R 87-89 

Boston Medical Library 39 

Boston & Revere Beach R. R 57 

Boston & Revere Beach R. R. Ferry 57 

Boston Stone 25 

Bost'^n Theatre 39 



Page 

Boston University 30 

Botanic Garden 108 

Boylston Market 39 

Braintree 115 

Branch Public Library (Charlestown) 63 

Brattle Square Church 23 

Brewer Monument 37 

Bridges 57b 

Bridgewater 115 

Brighton 67 

British Coffee House 11 

Bromfield House 35 

Bromfield St. M. E. Church 35 

Broadway Bridge 57 

Brook Farm 64 

Brookline 105 

Brunswick ( Hotel) 45 

Bug Light 75 

Bunch of Grapes Tavern 11 

Bunker Hill Monument 61 

Burlington 103 

Cadets, First Corps of 51 

Cambridge 107 

Cambridge St. Bridge 57 

Camp, Siege of Boston 56 

Canton 115 

Carney Hospital 67 

Castle Island 71-73-75 

Castle Square Theatre 55 

Cedar Grove Cemetery 66 

Central Ave. Bridge 57 

Central Burying Ground 37 

Central Church 45 

Central Wharf 17 

Charlesbank 69 

Charles River Bridge 57 

Charles River Reservation 83 

Charlestown 61 

Charlestown Heights 73 

Charlestown Playground 73 

Chauncy Hall School 47 

Chelsea 99 

Chelsea Ferry 19-57 

Chestnut Hill Reservoir 86 

Children's Mission 53 

Christ Church 27 

Church of the Messiah 49 

Church of the Unity 56 

City Hall 21 

City Hospital 56 

City Tavern 23 

Clarendon St. Baptist Church 55 

Clyde Park 107 

Cochituate Lake 86 

Coffin, Admiral .Sir Isaac 39 

Cohasset 97 

Colonial Theatre 57 

Columbia Theatre 53 

Commercial Wharf 19 

Common, Boston 35 



SEE BOSTON ^ 

...INTELLIGENTLY WITH... 

F. A. WATERMAN, 

The Boston Guide 

tj^ t^^ ^^ 

Parties Leave at 9.30 and 2.30, Front of Park 
Street Church, Boston. 



^ 



fc?" t^^ t^^ 

PERSONALLY CONDUCTED BY MR. WATERMAN 

SEEING INTERESTING AND HISTORIC PLACES. 
THREE HOURS' TRIP, FIFTY CENTS. 

SPECIAL RATES TO PRIVATE PARTIES. 



e,5*' e^* e^* 

These Trips Save Time, Labor and Money. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



135 



Page 

Commonwealth Ave 43-69 

Concord 103 

Congress St. Bridge 57 

Congregational House 31 

Constitution Wharf 19 

Copley, John Singleton 31 

Copp's Hill Burying Ground 27 

Cotton-Vane Mansion 22 

Country Club 107 

Court House 23 

Court House (old) 22 

Craigie Bridge 57 

Crispus Attucks Monument 35 

Cromwell's Head Tavern 21 

Crow Point 96 

Crown Coffee House 11 

Custom House 11 

Danvers 101 

Danversport 101 

Dedham 115 

Deer Island 75 

Deer Island Light 75 

Disciples, Church of the 55 

Dock Square 25 

Dorchester 65-66 

Dorchester Avenue Bridge 57 

Dorchester Park 73 

Dorchesterway 71 

Dover Ill 

Dover Street Bridge 57 

Downer Landing 96 

Duxbury 97 

Early Boston Topography 57b-59 

East Boston 67-69 

East Boston Ferry 57 

East Indian Marine Hall 93 

Echo Bridge 109 

Egg Rock 91 

Electric Railways .... 89-91 

Eliot Burying (Iround 64 

Eliot Memorial - 109 

Eliot School . ^ 25 

Emancipation Group 53 

Emmanuel Church 49 

Emerson, Ralph Waldo 15 

English High School 55 

Essex (Hotel) .59-131 

Essex Institute 93 

Essex Street Bridge 57 

Ether Monument 41 

Eustis Street Burying Ground 60 

Everett 100 

Everett Statue 41 

Evergreen Cemetery (Brighton) 67 

Exports 57b 

Faneuil Hall 13 

Federal Street Bridge 57 

Federal Street Church 17 

Federal Street Theatre 15 

Fellows Athensum 61 

Fellows Street Playground 73 

Fens (The^ • 69 

Ferries 57b 

First African Church 31 

First Baptist Church 45 

First Church (Charlestown) 61 

First Church 11-47 



Page 

First Free Public School 66 

First Parish Church Society (Roxbury). ... 60 

First Parish Church (Dorchester) 65 

First Presbyterian Church 55 

First Street Playground 73 

Forest Hills Cemetery 64 

Fort Hill 17 

Fortification 53 

B'ort Independence 75 

Fort Warren 75 

Fort Winthrop 75 

Foster's Wharf 17 

Framingham Reservoir No. 1 85 

Framingham Reservoir No. 2 85 

Framingham Reserve 'r No. 3 85 

Franckland, Sir Charles 25 

Franklin Park 71 

Franklin's Birthplace 15 

Franklin Field 73 

Franklin Street 15 

Freeport Street Playground 73 

French Huguenot Church 21 

Fresh Pond 108 

Frog Pond • 37 

Gallop's Island 75 

Galloupe House 25 

Gallows, The 53 

Garrison, Wm. Lloyd 6-96 

Garrison Statue 43 

George's Island 75 

George Tavern 57 

Girls' High and Normal School 56 

Globe 19 

Globe Theatre 39 

Gloucester 95 

Glover Statue 43 

Golden Bull Tavern 11 

Governors and Lieutenant Governors 

116-117-118-119 

Governor's Island 75 

Granary Burying Ground 33 

Granite Street Bridge 57 

Gray's Wharf 19 

Great Brewster Island 75 

Green Dragon Tavern 25 

Greyhound Tavern 60 

Hamilton Statue 43 

Hancock House 25-31 

Harvard Bridge 51-57 

Harvard College 107 

Harvard Medical School 43 

Harvard Street Bridge, Brighton 57 

Hawes Burying Ground 66 

Herald 19 

Hingham 97 

Holliston 113 

Hollis Street Theatre 56 

Holy Cross Cathedral 15-55 

Holy Trinity, Church of 53 

Home for Destitute Catholic Children 56 

Home for Little Wanderers 55 

Hopkinton Reservoir 85 

Horace Mann School 45 

Hotels 145 

Hotel Cecil 57 

Hotel Essex 39 

Hotel Rexford 29-130 

Hotel Lenox 49 




w 
w 

a: 

< 
W 

H 
Z 
W 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



137 



Page 

Horticultural Hall 33-57 

House of Seven Gables 95 

Howard Athenajum 27 

Howe, General 15 

Hull 96 

Huntington Avenue Station 57b 

Hyde Park 115 

Immaculate Conception, Church of 56 

Imports 57b 

India Wharf 17 

Jail 29 

Jamaica Park 71 

Jerusalem Road 97 

Journal 19 

Keayne, Capt. Robert 9-11 

Keith's Theatre 39 

King's Chapel 22 

King's Beach 92 

King's Chapel Burying Ground 21 

Knollvvood Cemetery 114 

Knox, Major General Henry 11 

La Grange St. Burying Ground 64 

Lamb Tavern 39 

Langham Hotel 56 

Lasell Seminary in9 

Latin School 21-55 

League of American Wheelmen 119 

Lee, Colonel Wm. Raymond 61 

Leverett, Governor John 13 

Leverett Park 71 

Lewis Wharf 19 

Lexington 103 

Liberty Tree 39 

Lief Ericsson Statue 43 

Lincoln, Noah 25 

Lincoln's Wharf 19 

Lowell Lectures 45 

Lowell Memorial Park 81 

Long Island 75 

Long Island Light 75 

Long Wharf - 17 

Lynde St. Church 31 

Lynn 92 

Maiden 99 

Maiden Auditorium 100-129 

Masonic Temple 37 

Mather, Cotton 25 

Marine Park 71 

Marblehead 92 

Marshfield 97 

Mayors of Boston 76-77 

Massachusetts College of Pharmacy 43 

Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear In- 
firmary 31 

Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics' As- 
sociation 45 

Massachusetts Division, League of Ameri- 
can Wheelmen 120 

Massachusetts (General Hospital 29 

Massachusetts Historical Society 15-51 

Massachusetts Homceopathic Hospital.... 56 
Massachusetts Institute of Technology ... 43 

Massachusetts Normal Art School 49 

Mechanics Arts High School 49 

Medf ord 100 

Medical Library Association 57 

Melrose 100 



Page 

Metropolitan District 77 

Metropolitan Park System 77-79-81-83 

Metropolitan Sewers 86-87 

Metropolitan Water 84-85-86 

Middle Brewster Island 75 

Middlesex Fells Parkway 83 

Middlesex Fells Reservation 77 

Miles, General Nelson A 61 

Milton 114 

Minot's Ledge 76 

Minot's Ledge Lighthouse 76 

Mint ,56-57 

Motley, John Lothrop 31 

Mt. Auburn Cemetery 57-108 

Mt. Hope Cemetery 65 

Music Hall 35 

Music Hall ( new) 51 

Munroe Tavern 103 

Museum of Fine Arts (The Boston) 47-57 

Museum, The Boston 22 

Museum of Natural History 49 

Mystic Playground 73 

Mystic Valley Parkway 81 

Nahant 91 

Nantasket Beach 96 

Nantasket Beach Reservation 83 

Narrow Gauge Railway 17 

Natick 113 

Naval Hospital (Chelsea) 99 

Navy Yard 63 

Needham Ill 

Neponset Ave. Bridge 57 

Neponset River Parkway 83 

Neponset River Reservation 84 

Newburyport 95 

New Dry Dock 63 

New England Conservatory of Music 56 

New England Gas & Coke Co 100 

New England Historical Gen. Society 30 

New North Church 25 

New Old South Church 47 

New South Church 45 

Newton 109 

New York & New England R. R 89 

New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. 89 

Nix's Mate 75 

Noddle's Island 67 

North Battery 19 

Nonantum Hill 109 

Norfolk St. Burying Ground •. . . 66 

North Beacon St. Bridge 57 

North Dorchester Burying Ground 66 

North End Playground 73 

North Shore 91-92-93-95-96 

Norumbega Park 109 

Odd Fellows' Hall 53 

Old Colony R. R 89 

Old Corner Bookstore 19-120 

Old Elm 35 

Old North Church 27 

Old Powder House 105 

Old South Meeting House 15 

Old State House 9 

Orange Tree Inn 23 

O'Reilly Monument 49 

Otis, Hon. James 11 

Outer Brewster Island 75 



Pocket City Maps. 



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Price 

Arnold Arboretum . .25 
Ashmont, Dorchester, 

and West Roxbury . .25 
Belmont and vicinity . .25 
Beverly City . . .25 
Boston, vest-pocket size .10 
Boston Proper (Subway) .25 
Boston, with Index . .25 
Boston and Surroundings .25 
Boston Terminal Facilities .25 
Boston Harbor, Bird's- 
eye View . . .10 
Boston Common and 

Public Garden . .25 

Brockton City . . .25 

Brookline Town . . .25 

Brookline, Trees of . .25 

Cambridge City . . .25 

Chelsea and vicinity . .25 

Dedham and Needham .25 

Everett City and vicinity .25 

Fall River City . . .25 

Fitchburg City . . .25 

Gloucester City . . 25 

Haverhill City . . .25 



Holyoke City 
Lawrence City 
Lowell City 
Lynn City 
Maiden City 
Marblehead 
New Bedford City 
Newburyport City 
New Haven City 
Newton Boulevard 
New York City 
Northampton City 
Onset Village . 
Pittsfield City . 
Plymouth Town 
Providence, R. I. 
Revere Town and v 
Salem City 
Somerville City 
Springfield City 
Taunton City . 
Winthrop Town 
Waltham City . 
Woburn City . 
Worcester City 



Price 

.25 
.25 
.25 
.26 
.26 
.25 
.26 
.25 
.25 
.26 
.10 
.26 
.25 
.26 
.26 
.26 
icinity .25 
.26 
.26 
.26 
.26 
.26 
.25 
.26 
.26 



Pocket Railroad Maps. 

IN COVERS. PRICE 

Connecticut, Mass. and R. I. . . . .25 

Maine 25 

Massachusetts, R. I. and Conn. . . .25 

Massachusetts, Index . . . . .25 

New England, with Index . . . .50 

New Hampshire and Vermont . . . .25 

Rhode Island, Conn, and Mass. . . .25 

Vermont and N. H 25 

ELECTRIC RAILWAYS OF EASTERN NEW ENGLAND . .25 

ELECTRIC RAILWAYS OF WESTERN MASSACHUSEHS, .25 

RAPID TRANSIT MAP OF METROPOLITAN DISTRICT . 1.00 

Guide to Metropolitan Boston, 25c. 

Guide to Greater New York, 25c. 

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HARCOURT STREET, 

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BOSTON, MASS. 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAN BOSTON. 



139 



Paine Memorial Hall 55 

Park Street 33 

Park Street Church 33 

Park I heatre 39 

Parker House 22 

Parker Memorial Hall 55 

Parks and Parkways of Boston 69 

Parting Stone CI 

Paul Revere 25 

Payne, John Howard 15 

Peabody 101 

Peabody Academy of Science 93 

People's Temple 55 

Perkins Institute and Massachusetts School 

for the Blind 67 

Phillips, Wendell 31-53 

Phipps, ("lovernor Sir Wm 25 

Phipps Street Burying Ground 61 

Pierce House 66 

Pilgrim Hall 99 

Pilgrim Monument 99 

Pitcairn, Major 27 

Play stead (Neponset) 73 

Playstead (North Brighton) 73 

Plymouth 97-99 

Plymouth Rock 99 

Plummer Hall 93 

Point AUerton 96 

Point of Pines 91 

Post . 19 

Post Office 13 

Prescott 31 

Prescott, Col. Wm 63 

Provincial Capitol 9 

Provincial Custom House 11 

Province House 15 

Public Garden 41 

Public Library 47 

Public Park, North End 73 

Quaker Burying Ground 11 

Quaker Church 23 

Quincy 114-115 

Quincy House 23 

Quincy Market 13 

Railroads 87-89-91 

Rainsford Island 75 

Record 19 

Revere 91 

Revere Beach Parkway 83 

Revere Beach Reservation 81 

Revere House 23 

Rexford Hotel 29 

Rindge Field 108 

Riverside Recreation Grounds 113 

Riverway 71 

Roebuck Tavern 11 

Rowe's Wharf 17 

Roxbury 59 

Roxbury High Fort 59 

Roxbury Latin School 59 

Roxbury, Population 61 

Royal Exchange Tavern 11 

Salem 93-95 

Salem Willows 93 

Saugus 101 

Scituate 97 

School Street 21 



Sconce 17 

Second Church 25-47 

Second Church ( Dorchester) 65 

Second Parish Church ( West Roxbury). ... 64 

Second Universalist Church 55 

Shag or Egg Rocks 75 

Shaw Monument 35 

Shawmut Avenue Church 56 

Sherborn 113 

Snow's Arch Wharf 17 

Soldiers' Field 108 

Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument 63 

Somerset Club 31 

Somerville 105 

South Boston 66-67 

South Burying Ground (Dorchester; 66 

South Ferry 19 

South Shore 96 

Spectacle Island 75 

Spot Pond 86 

Stamp Act Riots 11 

Standish Monument 97 

St. Augustine's Cemetery 66 

St. Botolph Club 49 

St. James Episcopal Church 61 

St. Margaret's Church 27 

St. Paul's Church 37 

St. Stephen's Church 55 

Stuart, (Albert 37-39 

State Highways 87 

State House 29-57 

State Library 30 

State Prison (Charlestown) 63 

State Street 11 

South Burying Ground 55 

South Congregational Church 45 

Spring (Spring Lane) 15 

Stony Brook Woods 79-81 

Stoneham 100 

Strandway 71 

Subway 41 

Sudbury 113-114 

Sudbury Reservoir 85 

Summer Street Bridge 57 

Sumner Statue 41 

Swampscott 92 

Symphony Hall ■'^1 

Terminal Siation 41 

Third Church (Jamaica Plain) 64 

Thomas Park 66 

Thompson's Island 75 

Thorndike, The 57 

Tileston, Master 27 

Topography 57b 

Touraine Hotel 37 

Town Field (Dorchester) 73 

Town House 9 

Town Pump 11 

Transcript 19 

Traveler 19 

Tremont Building 33 

Tremont Street M . E. Church 56 

Tremont Temple 33 

Trinity Church 17-47 

Trinity Place Station 57b 

Trinity Triangle 73 

Trumbull, Colonel John 23 

Tunnel, East Boston 69 



GUIDE TO METROPOLITAX BOSTON. 



141 



Page 

Tufts College lOU 

Tuileries Hotel 4'J 

T Wharf 19 

United States Bank 11 

United States Court 13 

United States Hotel 39 

United States Sub Treasury 13 

Union Church 55 

Union Station 27 

Union Wharf 19 

University Club i 49 

Vendome, Hotel 45 

Waban Lake Ill 

Wachusett Reservoir 85 

Wakefield 100 

Walter Street Burying Ground 64 

Waltham 113 

Warren Avenue Baptist Churcli 55 

Warren Bridge 57 

Warren, General Joseph (iO-63 

Washington Avenue Bridge 57 

Watertown 113 

Wayside Inn 114 

Webster, Daniel 66 

Wellesley Ill 



Page 

Wellesley College Ill 

Wells Memorial Workiugmen's Institute.. 53 

West Boston Bridge 57 

Western Avenue Bridge 57 

Weston 113 

West Roxbury 64-65 

Whitefield, Rev. George 96 

Whitehall Reservoir 85 

White Hotse Tavern 39 

Winchester 103 

Winslow, Admiral 61 

Winter Hill 105 

Winthrop 91 

Winthrop, CJov. John 15 

Winthrop Statue 23 

Witch Hill 3 

Witch House 93 

Woburn 100 

Wood Island Park 69-71 

West Roxbury Parkway 71 

Woman's Clubhouse 30 

Young Men's Cliristian Association 49 

Young Men's Christian Union 39 

Young's Hotel 22 

Young Women's Christian Association. ... 53 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page 

American House 21a 

Armory, First Corps of Cadets 52 

Baptist Church, Maiden 100a 

Blue Hill Observatory 78 

Boston Light, Entrance to Harbor 74 

Bunker Hill Monument H2 

Chamber of Commerce 1(> 

Christ Church (.Old North) 24 

Commonwealth Avenue 42 

Concord Bridge 104 

Custom House Hi 

Echo Bridge 110 

Elevated Railway and Station 88 

Faneuil Hall Frontispiece 

Franklin Park < 8-70 

Harbor 72 

Harvard Bridge 57a 

King's Chapel 20 

Maiden Auditorium l^'Oa 

Maiden Library 99a 

Middlesex Fells, Ravine Road 82 

Museum of Fine Arts 46 

Mystic Valley Parkway 80 

Newburyport Bridge (Chain Bridge) 94 

New England Conservatory of Music 54 



Page 

New Old South Church 48 

Old Bostoj r>8 

Old Corner Bookstore 18 

Old Elm (Cambridge) lOH 

Old South Meeting House 14 

Old State House 8 

Park Street Church 32 

Parker, Capt. John (Statue) 102 

Plymouth Rock 98 

Post Office 12 

Public Library 48 

Revere Beach 90 

St. Paul's Church 36 

State House ( Extension 28 

State House (Front) 117a 

Steamers for Hull and Nantasket 1'2(> 

Subway Entrance (Park Street) 134 

Sy bway Station 40 

Sumphony Hall 50 

Terminal Station 38 

Tremont Temple 34 

Trinity Church 44 

Union Station 26 

Washington Street 124 

Wayside Inn 112 



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Showing Comprecsed Air Chamber. 

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from which snow and dirt are expellad by ttal 
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